T-Cell Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Binding of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2

Jennifer L Welch; Jinhua Xiang; Qing Chang; Jon C D Houtman; Jack T Stapleton

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab595

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T-Cell Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Binding of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

T-Cell Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Binding of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2

Jennifer L Welch, Jinhua Xiang, Qing Chang, Jon C D Houtman and Jack T Stapleton

The Journal of infectious diseases, Vol.225(5), pp.810-819

03/02/2022

DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab595

PMCID: PMC8754779

PMID: 34918095

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Abstract

Abstract The pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not completely understood. SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently causes significant immune function consequences including reduced T cell numbers and enhanced T cell exhaustion that contribute to disease severity. The extent to which T cell effects are directly mediated through infection or indirectly result from infection of respiratory-associated cells is unclear. We show that primary human T cells express sufficient levels of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, to mediate viral binding and entry into T cells. We further show that T cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 particles demonstrate reduced proliferation and apoptosis compared to uninfected controls, indicating that direct interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with T cells may alter T cell growth, activation, and survival. Regulation of T cell activation and/or turnover by SARS-CoV-2 may contribute to impaired T cell function observed in patients with severe disease. No specific interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and T-cells is described. SARS-CoV-2 receptor (ACE-2) mRNA and protein were expressed in T-cells, and expression increased following T-cell activation. ACE-2 also mediated SARS-CoV-2 and spike protein entry, resulting in altering T-cell proliferation and apoptosis.

T lymphocytes

ACE2

SARS-CoV-2

Details

Title: Subtitle: T-Cell Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Binding of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2
Creators: Jennifer L Welch - University of Iowa
Jinhua Xiang - University of Iowa
Qing Chang - University of Iowa
Jon C D Houtman - University of Iowa
Jack T Stapleton - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The Journal of infectious diseases, Vol.225(5), pp.810-819
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab595
PMID: 34918095
PMCID: PMC8754779
NLM abbreviation: J Infect Dis
ISSN: 0022-1899
eISSN: 1537-6613
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health, award: 5T32AI343; DOI: 10.13039/100000054, name: National Cancer Institute, award: P30CA086862; DOI: 10.13039/100015515, name: Carver College of Medicine; DOI: 10.13039/100011343, name: Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Language: English
Date published: 03/02/2022
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984297433202771

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