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THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON IMPLANT SURVIVAL AT SECOND-STAGE SURGERY: DICRG INTERIM REPROT NO. 5
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON IMPLANT SURVIVAL AT SECOND-STAGE SURGERY: DICRG INTERIM REPROT NO. 5

M. Gorman, Paul M. Lambert, Harold F. Morris, Shigeru Ochi, Sheldon Winkler and Dental Implant Clinical Research Group
Implant dentistry, Vol.3(3), pp.165-168
1994
DOI: 10.1097/00008505-199409000-00004
url
https://doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199409000-00004View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Smoking has been reported to have a deleterious effect on the oral cavity. Research has associated smoking with oral cancer, periodontal disease, leukoplakia, stomatitis nicotina, and impaired gingival bleeding. In 1991 the Dental Implant Clinical Research Group initiated a prospective, randomized clinical study in cooperation with the Department of Veterans Affairs to investigate the influence of implant design, application, and site of placement on long-term clinical performance and crestal bone height. Over 70 dental and medical history variables and exclusion factors were analyzed to determine relationships, if any, with implant failure at the time of second-stage surgery. The variables were analyzed separately for individual implants, cases (prostheses), and patients. The cases ranged from one to five implants each, and more than one case from a single patient could be included in the investigation. At this interim analysis, 2,066 implants have been placed representing 433 cases in 310 patients. With regard to implant failure rates, possible exclusion variables (9) and medical history variables (39) were not found to be statistically significant. For the dental history variables (23), only the question related to smoking was statistically significant on an implant, case, and patient basis (P< 0.007). Results of this interim analysis suggest that smoking is detrimental to implant success.

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