Journal article
The Age-Specific Quantitative Effects of Metabolic Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis
PloS one, Vol.8(7), pp.e65174-e65174
07/30/2013
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065174
PMCID: PMC3728292
PMID: 23935815
Abstract
Background: The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in epidemiological studies, but consistent estimates of effect sizes by age and sex are not available.
Methods: We reviewed large cohort pooling projects, evaluating effects of baseline or usual exposure to metabolic risks on ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), stroke, diabetes, and, as relevant selected other CVDs, after adjusting for important confounders. We pooled all data to estimate relative risks (RRs) for each risk factor and examined effect modification by age or other factors, using random effects models.
Results: Across all risk factors, an average of 123 cohorts provided data on 1.4 million individuals and 52,000 CVD events. Each metabolic risk factor was robustly related to CVD. At the baseline age of 55-64 years, the RR for 10 mmHg higher SBP was largest for HHD (2.16; 95% CI 2.09-2.24), followed by effects on both stroke subtypes (1.66; 1.39-1.98 for hemorrhagic stroke and 1.63; 1.57-1.69 for ischemic stroke). In the same age group, RRs for 1 mmol/L higher TC were 1.44 (1.29-1.61) for IHD and 1.20 (1.15-1.25) for ischemic stroke. The RRs for 5 kg/m(2) higher BMI for ages 55-64 ranged from 2.32 (2.04-2.63) for diabetes, to 1.44 (1.40-1.48) for IHD. For 1 mmol/L higher FPG, RRs in this age group were 1.18 (1.08-1.29) for IHD and 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for total stroke. For all risk factors, proportional effects declined with age, were generally consistent by sex, and differed by region in only a few age groups for certain risk factor-disease pairs.
Conclusion: Our results provide robust, comparable and precise estimates of the effects of major metabolic risk factors on CVD and diabetes by age group.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The Age-Specific Quantitative Effects of Metabolic Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis
- Creators
- Gitanjali M. Singh - Harvard UniversityGoodarz Danaei - Harvard UniversityFarshad Farzadfar - Tehran University of Medical SciencesGretchen A. Stevens - Department of HealthMark Woodward - The George Institute for Global HealthDavid Wormser - University of CambridgeStephen Kaptoge - University of CambridgeGary Whitlock - University of OxfordQing Qiao - University of HelsinkiSarah Lewington - University of OxfordEmanuele Di Angelantonio - University of CambridgeStephen vander Hoorn - The University of MelbourneCarlene M. M. Lawes - University of AucklandMohammed K. Ali - Emory UniversityDariush Mozaffarian - Harvard UniversityMajid Ezzati - University of LondonGlobal Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Diseases Collaborating GroupAsia-Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC)
- Contributors
- R B Wallace (Contributor) - University of Iowa, Internal Medicine
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- PloS one, Vol.8(7), pp.e65174-e65174
- DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0065174
- PMID
- 23935815
- PMCID
- PMC3728292
- NLM abbreviation
- PLoS One
- ISSN
- 1932-6203
- eISSN
- 1932-6203
- Publisher
- Public Library Science
- Number of pages
- 10
- Grant note
- UK Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC) ES/F02679X/1 / Economic and Social Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) NF-SI-0512-10165 / National Institute for Health Research; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) T32DK007703 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) P30ES005605 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) MC_U137686857 / MRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC) DK007703 / T32 training grant in Academic Nutrition from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases RG/08/013/25942 / British Heart Foundation National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust G8802774 / Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); European Commission ES/F02679X/1 / ESRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/30/2013
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984364445902771
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