The Contribution of Endogenous Modulatory Systems to TMS- and tDCS-Induced Analgesia: Evidence from PET Studies

Marcos F. Dossantos; Aleli T. Oliveira; Natália R. Ferreira; Antônio C.P. Carvalho; Paulo Henrique Rosado De Castro

doi:10.1155/2018/2368386

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The Contribution of Endogenous Modulatory Systems to TMS- and tDCS-Induced Analgesia: Evidence from PET Studies

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The Contribution of Endogenous Modulatory Systems to TMS- and tDCS-Induced Analgesia: Evidence from PET Studies

Marcos F. Dossantos, Aleli T. Oliveira, Natália R. Ferreira, Antônio C.P. Carvalho and Paulo Henrique Rosado De Castro

Pain research & management, Vol.2018(2018), pp.1-14

01/01/2018

DOI: 10.1155/2018/2368386

PMCID: PMC6257907

PMID: 30538794

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Abstract

Chronic pain is an important public health issue. Moreover, its adequate management is still considered a major clinical problem, mainly due to its incredible complexity and still poorly understood pathophysiology. Recent scientific evidence coming from neuroimaging research, particularly functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies, indicates that chronic pain is associated with structural and functional changes in several brain structures that integrate antinociceptive pathways and endogenous modulatory systems. Furthermore, the last two decades have witnessed a huge increase in the number of studies evaluating the clinical effects of noninvasive neuromodulatory methods, especially transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which have been proved to effectively modulate the cortical excitability, resulting in satisfactory analgesic effects with minimal adverse events. Nevertheless, the precise neuromechanisms whereby such methods provide pain control are still largely unexplored. Recent studies have brought valuable information regarding the recruitment of different modulatory systems and related neurotransmitters, including glutamate, dopamine, and endogenous opioids. However, the specific neurocircuits involved in the analgesia produced by those therapies have not been fully elucidated. This review focuses on the current literature correlating the clinical effects of noninvasive methods of brain stimulation to the changes in the activity of endogenous modulatory systems.

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Title: Subtitle: The Contribution of Endogenous Modulatory Systems to TMS- and tDCS-Induced Analgesia: Evidence from PET Studies
Creators: Marcos F. Dossantos - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Aleli T. Oliveira - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Natália R. Ferreira - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Antônio C.P. Carvalho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Paulo Henrique Rosado De Castro - D’Or Institute for Research and Education
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Pain research & management, Vol.2018(2018), pp.1-14
DOI: 10.1155/2018/2368386
PMID: 30538794
PMCID: PMC6257907
NLM abbreviation: Pain Res Manag
ISSN: 1203-6765
eISSN: 1918-1523
Language: English
Date published: 01/01/2018
Academic Unit: Radiology
Record Identifier: 9985143553502771

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