Journal article
The Dynamic Interplay between HIV-1, SAMHD1, and the Innate Antiviral Response
Frontiers in immunology, Vol.8, pp.1541-1541
11/10/2017
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01541
PMID: 29176984
Abstract
The innate immune response constitutes the first cellular line of defense against initial HIV-1 infection. Immune cells sense invading virus and trigger signaling cascades that induce antiviral defenses to control or eliminate infection. Professional antigen-presenting cells located in mucosal tissues, including dendritic cells and macrophages, are critical for recognizing HIV-1 at the site of initial exposure. These cells are less permissive to HIV-1 infection compared to activated CD4
+
T-cells, which is mainly due to host restriction factors that serve an immediate role in controlling the establishment or spread of viral infection. However, HIV-1 can exploit innate immune cells and their cellular factors to avoid detection and clearance by the host immune system. Sterile alpha motif and HD-domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is the mammalian deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase responsible for regulating intracellular dNTP pools and restricting the replication of HIV-1 in non-dividing myeloid cells and quiescent CD4
+
T-cells. Here, we review and analyze the latest literature on the antiviral function of SAMHD1, including the mechanism of HIV-1 restriction and the ability of SAMHD1 to regulate the innate immune response to viral infection. We also provide an overview of the dynamic interplay between HIV-1, SAMHD1, and the cell-intrinsic antiviral response to elucidate how SAMHD1 modulates HIV-1 infection in non-dividing immune cells. A more complete understanding of SAMHD1’s role in the innate immune response to HIV-1 infection may help develop stratagems to enhance its antiviral effects and to more efficiently block HIV-1 replication and avoid the pathogenic result of viral infection.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The Dynamic Interplay between HIV-1, SAMHD1, and the Innate Antiviral Response
- Creators
- Jenna M Antonucci - ,Corine St. Gelais - ,Li Wu - ,
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in immunology, Vol.8, pp.1541-1541
- DOI
- 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01541
- PMID
- 29176984
- NLM abbreviation
- Front Immunol
- ISSN
- 1664-3224
- eISSN
- 1664-3224
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/10/2017
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Record Identifier
- 9984002377002771
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