Journal article
The Effect of Consumption of Animal Milk Compared to Infant Formula for Non-Breastfed/Mixed-Fed Infants 6-11 Months of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Nutrients, Vol.14(3), p.488
01/23/2022
DOI: 10.3390/nu14030488
PMCID: PMC8838240
PMID: 35276848
Abstract
Many infants do not receive breastmilk for the recommended 2-year duration. Instead, alternative milk beverages are often used, including infant formula and raw animal milk products. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the effect of animal milk consumption, compared to infant formula, on health outcomes in non-breastfed or mixed-fed infants aged 6-11 months. We searched multiple databases and followed Cochrane guidelines for conducting the review. The primary outcomes were anemia, gastrointestinal blood loss, weight-for-age, length-for-age, and weight-for-length. Nine studies were included: four randomized controlled trials (RCT) and five cohort studies. All studies, except one, were conducted in high income countries. There was a low certainty of evidence that cow's milk increased the risk of anemia compared to formula milk (Cohort studies RR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.15, 4.43, RCTs: RR: 4.03, 95% CI: 1.68, 9.65) and gastrointestinal blood loss (Cohort study RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 0.73, 3.16, RCTs: RR: 3.14, 95% CI: 0.98, 10.04). Additionally, there was low certainty evidence that animal milk consumption may not have a differential effect on weight and length-for-age compared to formula milk. Overall, the evidence was of low certainty and no solid conclusions can be drawn from this data. Further studies are needed from low- and middle-income countries to assess optimal milk type in non-breastfed infants aged 6-11 months.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The Effect of Consumption of Animal Milk Compared to Infant Formula for Non-Breastfed/Mixed-Fed Infants 6-11 Months of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Creators
- Julie M. Ehrlich - SUNY Upstate Medical UniversityJoseph Catania - SUNY Upstate Medical UniversityMuizz Zaman - SUNY Upstate Medical UniversityEmily Tanner Smith - Univ Oregon, Coll Educ, Eugene, OR 97403 USAAbigail Smith - SUNY Upstate Medical UniversityOlivia Tsistinas - SUNY Upstate Medical UniversityZulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta - Hospital for Sick ChildrenAamer Imdad - SUNY Upstate Medical University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Nutrients, Vol.14(3), p.488
- DOI
- 10.3390/nu14030488
- PMID
- 35276848
- PMCID
- PMC8838240
- NLM abbreviation
- Nutrients
- ISSN
- 2072-6643
- eISSN
- 2072-6643
- Publisher
- Mdpi
- Number of pages
- 22
- Grant note
- 2020/1050195-0 / World Health Organisation; World Health Organization
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/23/2022
- Academic Unit
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pancreatology, and Nutrition
- Record Identifier
- 9984446268102771
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