The Interaction between Dietary Fiber and Fat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative

Sandi L Navarro; Marian L Neuhouser; Ting-Yuan David Cheng; Lesley F Tinker; James M Shikany; Linda Snetselaar; Jessica A Martinez; Ikuko Kato; Shirley A A Beresford; Robert S Chapkin; Johanna W Lampe

doi:10.3390/nu8120779

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The Interaction between Dietary Fiber and Fat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The Interaction between Dietary Fiber and Fat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative

Sandi L Navarro, Marian L Neuhouser, Ting-Yuan David Cheng, Lesley F Tinker, James M Shikany, Linda Snetselaar, Jessica A Martinez, Ikuko Kato, Shirley A A Beresford, Robert S Chapkin, …

Nutrients, Vol.8(12), p.779

11/30/2016

DOI: 10.3390/nu8120779

PMCID: PMC5188434

PMID: 27916893

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Abstract

Combined intakes of specific dietary fiber and fat subtypes protect against colon cancer in animal models. We evaluated associations between self-reported individual and combinations of fiber (insoluble, soluble, and pectins, specifically) and fat (omega-6, omega-3, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), specifically) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in the Women's Health Initiative prospective cohort ( = 134,017). During a mean 11.7 years (1993-2010), 1952 incident CRC cases were identified. Cox regression models computed multivariate adjusted hazard ratios to estimate the association between dietary factors and CRC risk. Assessing fiber and fat individually, there was a modest trend for lower CRC risk with increasing intakes of total and insoluble fiber ( 0.09 and 0.08). An interaction ( = 0.01) was observed between soluble fiber and DHA + EPA, with protective effects of DHA + EPA with lower intakes of soluble fiber and an attenuation at higher intakes, however this association was no longer significant after correction for multiple testing. These results suggest a modest protective effect of higher fiber intake on CRC risk, but not in combination with dietary fat subtypes. Given the robust results in preclinical models and mixed results in observational studies, controlled dietary interventions with standardized intakes are needed to better understand the interaction of specific fat and fiber subtypes on colon biology and ultimately CRC susceptibility in humans.

Prospective Studies

Diet Surveys

Humans

Middle Aged

Risk Factors

Dietary Fats - administration & dosage

Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage

Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control

Female

Surveys and Questionnaires

Aged

Health Policy

Details

Title: Subtitle: The Interaction between Dietary Fiber and Fat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative
Creators: Sandi L Navarro - Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. snavarro@fredhutch.org
Marian L Neuhouser - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. mneuhous@fredhutch.org
Ting-Yuan David Cheng - Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. david.cheng@roswellpark.org
Lesley F Tinker - Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ltinker@whi.org
James M Shikany - Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. jshikany@uabmc.edu
Linda Snetselaar - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. linda-snetselaar@uiowa.edu
Jessica A Martinez - University of Arizona
Ikuko Kato - Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. katoi@karmanos.org
Shirley A A Beresford - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. beresfrd@uw.edu
Robert S Chapkin - Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. r-chapkin@tamu.edu
Johanna W Lampe - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. jlampe@fredhutch.org
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Nutrients, Vol.8(12), p.779
DOI: 10.3390/nu8120779
PMID: 27916893
PMCID: PMC5188434
NLM abbreviation: Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
eISSN: 2072-6643
Publisher: Switzerland
Grant note: HHSN268201100002I / NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN271201100004C / NIA NIH HHS HHSN268201100001C / WHI NIH HHS HHSN268201100004I / NHLBI NIH HHS P30 CA015704 / NCI NIH HHS K07 CA201334 / NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197707 / NCI NIH HHS P30 CA086862 / NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009168 / NCI NIH HHS HHSN268201100004C / WHI NIH HHS HHSN268201100046C / NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100002C / WHI NIH HHS HHSN268201100001I / NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100003C / WHI NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 11/30/2016
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9983995045802771

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