The Intersection of Rural Residence and Minority Race/Ethnicity in Cancer Disparities in the United States

Whitney E Zahnd; Cathryn Murphy; Marie Knoll; Gabriel A Benavidez; Kelsey R Day; Radhika Ranganathan; Parthenia Luke; Anja Zgodic; Kewei Shi; Melinda A Merrell; Elizabeth L Crouch; Heather M Brandt; Jan M Eberth

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041384

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The Intersection of Rural Residence and Minority Race/Ethnicity in Cancer Disparities in the United States

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The Intersection of Rural Residence and Minority Race/Ethnicity in Cancer Disparities in the United States

Whitney E Zahnd, Cathryn Murphy, Marie Knoll, Gabriel A Benavidez, Kelsey R Day, Radhika Ranganathan, Parthenia Luke, Anja Zgodic, Kewei Shi, Melinda A Merrell, …

International journal of environmental research and public health, Vol.18(4), pp.1-27

02/03/2021

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041384

PMCID: PMC7913122

PMID: 33546168

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Abstract

One in every twenty-five persons in America is a racial/ethnic minority who lives in a rural area. Our objective was to summarize how racism and, subsequently, the social determinants of health disproportionately affect rural racial/ethnic minority populations, provide a review of the cancer disparities experienced by rural racial/ethnic minority groups, and recommend policy, research, and intervention approaches to reduce these disparities. We found that rural Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations experience greater poverty and lack of access to care, which expose them to greater risk of developing cancer and experiencing poorer cancer outcomes in treatment and ultimately survival. There is a critical need for additional research to understand the disparities experienced by all rural racial/ethnic minority populations. We propose that policies aim to increase access to care and healthcare resources for these communities. Further, that observational and interventional research should more effectively address the intersections of rurality and race/ethnicity through reduced structural and interpersonal biases in cancer care, increased data access, more research on newer cancer screening and treatment modalities, and continued intervention and implementation research to understand how evidence-based practices can most effectively reduce disparities among these populations.

African Americans

Ethnic Groups

Health Services Accessibility

Healthcare Disparities

Humans

Minority Groups

Neoplasms

Rural Population

United States - epidemiology

Details

Title: Subtitle: The Intersection of Rural Residence and Minority Race/Ethnicity in Cancer Disparities in the United States
Creators: Whitney E Zahnd - Big Data Health Science Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Cathryn Murphy - College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Marie Knoll - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Gabriel A Benavidez - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Kelsey R Day - Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Radhika Ranganathan - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Parthenia Luke - College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Anja Zgodic - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Kewei Shi - Rural & Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29210, USA
Melinda A Merrell - Rural & Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29210, USA
Elizabeth L Crouch - Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Heather M Brandt - St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
Jan M Eberth - Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: International journal of environmental research and public health, Vol.18(4), pp.1-27
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041384
PMID: 33546168
PMCID: PMC7913122
NLM abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health
ISSN: 1661-7827
eISSN: 1660-4601
Grant note: P30CA021765 / National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health U1CRH30539 / Federal Office of Rural Health Policy T32-GM081740 / National Institutes of Health-National Institute of General Medical Sciences
Language: English
Date published: 02/03/2021
Academic Unit: Health Management and Policy
Record Identifier: 9984214725402771

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