The Relationship Between Greater Prepubertal Adiposity, Subsequent Age of Maturation, and Bone Strength During Adolescence

Natalie A Glass; James C Torner; Elena M Letuchy; Trudy L Burns; Kathleen F Janz; Julie M Eichenberger Gilmore; Janet A Schlechte; Steven M Levy

doi:10.1002/jbmr.2809

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The Relationship Between Greater Prepubertal Adiposity, Subsequent Age of Maturation, and Bone Strength During Adolescence

Journal article

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The Relationship Between Greater Prepubertal Adiposity, Subsequent Age of Maturation, and Bone Strength During Adolescence

Natalie A Glass, James C Torner, Elena M Letuchy, Trudy L Burns, Kathleen F Janz, Julie M Eichenberger Gilmore, Janet A Schlechte and Steven M Levy

Journal of bone and mineral research, Vol.31(7), pp.1455-1465

07/2016

DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2809

PMCID: PMC4960659

PMID: 26861036

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Abstract

This longitudinal study investigated whether greater prepubertal adiposity was associated with subsequent timing of maturation and bone strength during adolescence in 135 girls and 123 boys participating in the Iowa Bone Development Study. Greater adiposity was defined using body mass index (BMI) data at age 8 years to classify participants as overweight (OW, ≥85th percentile for age and sex) or healthy weight (HW). Maturation was defined as the estimated age of peak height velocity (PHV) based on a series of cross-sectional estimates. Measurements were taken at ages 11, 13, 15, and 17 years for estimates of body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bone compression (bone strength index), and torsion strength (polar strength-strain index) at the radius and tibia by pQCT, and femoral neck bending strength (section modulus) by hip structural analysis. Bone strength in OW versus HW were evaluated by fitting sex-specific linear mixed models that included centered age (visit age - grand mean age of cohort) as the time variable and adjusted for change in fat mass, and limb length in model 1. Analyses were repeated using biological age (visit age - age PHV) as the time variable for model 1 with additional adjustment for lean mass in model 2. BMI was negatively associated with age of maturation (p < 0.05). OW versus HW girls had significantly greater bone strength (p < 0.001) in model 1, whereas OW versus HW boys had significantly greater bone strength (p < 0.001) at the tibia and femoral neck but not radius (p > 0.05). Analyses were repeated using biological age, which yielded reduced parameter estimates for girls but similar results for boys (model 1.) Differences were no longer present after adjustment for lean mass (model 2) in girls (p > 0.05) whereas differences at the tibia were sustained in boys (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate sex- and site-specific differences in the associations between adiposity, maturation, and bone strength. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Body Mass Index

Femur Neck - growth & development

Age Factors

Bone Density - physiology

Follow-Up Studies

Humans

Tibia - diagnostic imaging

Male

Puberty - physiology

Absorptiometry, Photon

Femur Neck - diagnostic imaging

Adolescent

Female

Adiposity - physiology

Tibia - growth & development

Child

Longitudinal Studies

Details

Title: Subtitle: The Relationship Between Greater Prepubertal Adiposity, Subsequent Age of Maturation, and Bone Strength During Adolescence
Creators: Natalie A Glass - Department of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation, The University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
James C Torner - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Elena M Letuchy - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Trudy L Burns - Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Kathleen F Janz - Department of Health and Human Physiology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Julie M Eichenberger Gilmore - Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
Janet A Schlechte - Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics; Iowa City, IA, USA
Steven M Levy - Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry & Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of bone and mineral research, Vol.31(7), pp.1455-1465
DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2809
PMID: 26861036
PMCID: PMC4960659
NLM abbreviation: J Bone Miner Res
ISSN: 1523-4681
eISSN: 1523-4681
Publisher: United States
Grant note: R01 DE012101 / NIDCR NIH HHS UL1 TR000442 / NCATS NIH HHS M01 RR000059 / NCRR NIH HHS R56 DE012101 / NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE009551 / NIDCR NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 07/2016
Academic Unit: Preventive and Community Dentistry; Epidemiology; Orthopedics and Rehabilitation; Surgery; Injury Prevention Research Center; Neurosurgery; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9983917783302771

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