The effect of automated text messaging and goal setting on pedometer adherence and physical activity in patients with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

Linnea A Polgreen; Christopher Anthony; Lucas Carr; Jacob E Simmering; Nicholas J Evans; Eric D Foster; Alberto M Segre; James F Cremer; Philip M Polgreen

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195797

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The effect of automated text messaging and goal setting on pedometer adherence and physical activity in patients with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The effect of automated text messaging and goal setting on pedometer adherence and physical activity in patients with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

Linnea A Polgreen, Christopher Anthony, Lucas Carr, Jacob E Simmering, Nicholas J Evans, Eric D Foster, Alberto M Segre, James F Cremer and Philip M Polgreen

PloS one, Vol.13(5), pp.e0195797-e0195797

2018

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195797

PMCID: PMC5931450

PMID: 29718931

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Abstract

Activity-monitoring devices may increase activity, but their effectiveness in sedentary, diseased, and less-motivated populations is unknown. Subjects with diabetes or pre-diabetes were given a Fitbit and randomized into three groups: Fitbit only, Fitbit with reminders, and Fitbit with both reminders and goal setting. Subjects in the reminders group were sent text-message reminders to wear their Fitbit. The goal-setting group was sent a daily text message asking for a step goal. All subjects had three in-person visits (baseline, 3 and 6 months). We modelled daily steps and goal setting using linear mixed-effects models. 138 subjects participated with 48 in the Fitbit-only, 44 in the reminders, and 46 in the goal-setting groups. Daily steps decreased for all groups during the study. Average daily steps were 7123, 6906, and 6854 for the Fitbit-only, the goal-setting, and the reminders groups, respectively. The reminders group was 17.2 percentage points more likely to wear their Fitbit than the Fitbit-only group. Setting a goal was associated with a significant increase of 791 daily steps, but setting more goals did not lead to step increases. In a population of patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes, individualized reminders to wear their Fitbit and elicit personal step goals did not lead to increases in daily steps, although daily steps were higher on days when goals were set. Our intervention improved engagement and data collection, important goals for activity surveillance. This study demonstrates that new, more-effective interventions for increasing activity in patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes are needed.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - psychology

Automation

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology

Walking - psychology

Humans

Text Messaging

Adult

Female

Male

Patient Compliance - psychology

Goals

Details

Title: Subtitle: The effect of automated text messaging and goal setting on pedometer adherence and physical activity in patients with diabetes: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: Linnea A Polgreen - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Christopher Anthony - Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Lucas Carr - Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Jacob E Simmering - Signal Center for Healthcare Innovation, University of Iowa Health Systems, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Nicholas J Evans - Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Eric D Foster - Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Alberto M Segre - Department of Computer Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
James F Cremer - Department of Computer Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Philip M Polgreen - Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.13(5), pp.e0195797-e0195797
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195797
PMID: 29718931
PMCID: PMC5931450
NLM abbreviation: PLoS One
ISSN: 1932-6203
eISSN: 1932-6203
Publisher: Public Library of Science; United States
Grant note: K25 HL122305 / NHLBI NIH HHS 5R21DK108019 / NIH HHS R21 DK108019 / NIDDK NIH HHS K25 HL122405 / NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2018
Academic Unit: Infectious Diseases; Health Management and Policy; Nursing; Pharmacy Practice and Science; College of Public Health; Injury Prevention Research Center; Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine; Epidemiology; Economics; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Computer Science; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984065690602771

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