Journal article
The effect of chronic binge ethanol consumption on the primary stage of SIV infection in Rhesus macaques
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, Vol.27(3), pp.495-502
2003
DOI: 10.1097/01.ALC.0000057947.57330.BE
PMID: 12658116
Abstract
Background: Alcohol abuse and infection with HIV individually compromise immune function, but the consequence of both conditions together is poorly understood owing to the difficulties of performing appropriate studies in human subjects. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of rhesus macaques is considered to closely model HIV disease in that the virus infects CD4+ cells and this infection leads to a similar AIDS state. This study was initiated to study the combined effects of chronic binge alcohol consumption on the primary stage of SIV infection. Methods: Rhesus macaques were administered alcohol or isocaloric sucrose via a permanently indwelling intragastric catheter 4 consecutive days per week for the duration of the study. Doses were individualized to achieve plasma alcohol concentrations of 50–60 mM over a 5‐hr period. After 3 months, animals were inoculated intravenously with 10,000 times the ID50 (50% infective dose) of SIVDeltaB670 at the conclusion of an alcohol session and followed for 2 months postinoculation. Results: At 1 week, plasma SIV RNA was greater than 60‐fold higher in alcohol‐consuming animals compared with sucrose controls. Likewise, alcohol consumption enhanced the SIV‐induced increase in cell cycling T lymphocytes (i.e., cells expressing Ki67 protein) in blood. These differences between alcohol‐ and sucrose‐treated animals were not sustained during the observation period. Peak viral load occurred 2 weeks post‐SIV inoculation at 7.6 ± 4.2 and 5.2 ± 3.1 × 106 copies/ml in alcohol‐ versus sucrose‐consuming animals, respectively. Blood CD4+ lymphocyte numbers were decreased 1 and 2 months after SIV inoculation to a similar degree in both sucrose‐control and alcohol‐treated animals. Conclusions: The consequence of the early rise in viral load and increase in lymphocyte turnover seen with excess alcohol consumption is unknown. We hypothesize that alcohol intoxication may increase the susceptibility of the host to HIV/SIV infection. This possibility needs to be explored further.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The effect of chronic binge ethanol consumption on the primary stage of SIV infection in Rhesus macaques
- Creators
- Gregory J BAGBY - Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesDavid A STOLTZ - Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesPing Zhang - Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesJay K KOLLS - Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesJulie BROWN - Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesRudolf P BOHM - Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesRichard ROCKAR - Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesJeanette PURCELL - Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United StatesMichael MURPHEY-CORB - School of Medicine and Primate Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United StatesSteve NELSON - Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, Vol.27(3), pp.495-502
- DOI
- 10.1097/01.ALC.0000057947.57330.BE
- PMID
- 12658116
- NLM abbreviation
- Alcohol Clin Exp Res
- ISSN
- 0145-6008
- eISSN
- 1530-0277
- Publisher
- Wiley; Baltimore, MD
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2003
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Occupational Medicine; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984025666202771
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