Journal article
The emerging role of peptides and lipids as antimicrobial epidermal barriers and modulators of local inflammation
Skin pharmacology and physiology, Vol.25(4), pp.167-181
2012
DOI: 10.1159/000337927
PMCID: PMC3564229
PMID: 22538862
Abstract
Skin is complex and comprised of distinct layers
, each layer
with unique architecture and immunologic functions. Cells within these layers produce differing amounts of antimicrobial peptides and lipids (sphingoid bases and sebaceous fatty acids) that limit colonization of commensal and opportunistic microorganisms. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides and lipids have distinct,
concentration-dependent
ancillary innate and adaptive immune functions. At 0.1-2.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides induce cell migration and adaptive immune responses to co-administered antigens. At 2.0-6.0 μM, they induce cell proliferation and enhance wound healing. At 6.0-12.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides can regulate chemokine and cytokine production and at their highest concentrations
of
15.0-30.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides can be cytotoxic. At 1-100 nM, lipids enhance cell migration induced by chemokines, suppress apoptosis, and optimize T cell cytotoxicity and at
0.3-1.0 μM
, they inhibit cell migration and attenuate chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. Recently many antimicrobial peptides and lipids at 0.1-2.0 μM have been found to attenuate the production of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines to microbial antigens. Together,
both
the antimicrobial and the anti-inflammatory activities of these peptides and lipids may serve to create a strong, overlapping immunologic barrier that not only controls the concentrations of cutaneous commensal flora but
also
the extent to which they induce a localized inflammatory response.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The emerging role of peptides and lipids as antimicrobial epidermal barriers and modulators of local inflammation
- Creators
- N.K Brogden - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536 USAL Mehalick - Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USAC.L Fischer - Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USAP.W Wertz - Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USAK.A Brogden - Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Skin pharmacology and physiology, Vol.25(4), pp.167-181
- DOI
- 10.1159/000337927
- PMID
- 22538862
- PMCID
- PMC3564229
- ISSN
- 1660-5527
- eISSN
- 1660-5535
- Grant note
- R01 DE014390 || DE / National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research : NIDCR
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2012
- Academic Unit
- Dermatology; Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine; Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics; Periodontics
- Record Identifier
- 9984025447102771
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