The impact of shared sanitation facilities on diarrheal diseases with and without an environmental reservoir: a modeling study

Matthew R Just; Stephen W Carden; Sheng Li; Kelly K Baker; Manoj Gambhir; Isaac Chun-Hai Fung

doi:10.1080/20477724.2018.1478927

Back

The impact of shared sanitation facilities on diarrheal diseases with and without an environmental reservoir: a modeling study

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The impact of shared sanitation facilities on diarrheal diseases with and without an environmental reservoir: a modeling study

Matthew R Just, Stephen W Carden, Sheng Li, Kelly K Baker, Manoj Gambhir and Isaac Chun-Hai Fung

Pathogens and global health, Vol.112(4), pp.195-202

05/19/2018

DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2018.1478927

PMCID: PMC6147076

PMID: 29874978

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2018.1478927View

Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have identified an increased risk of diarrheal diseases associated with using shared sanitation facilities. We hypothesized that this might be related to differences in transmission routes of pathogens. We proposed a mathematical model of two fictitious pathogens, one transmitted with an environmental reservoir and one without. We assumed that individuals susceptible to one pathogen are not susceptible to the other, and therefore, decoupled the two models. We initialized the model with 99% individuals being susceptible. We sampled the parameter space using Latin Hypercube Sampling. We simulated 10,000 parameter sets. We varied the effective shared sanitation coverage (the product of latrine coverage and users' compliance). Our results show that, in our hypothetical scenario, across all levels of effective coverage of shared sanitation, the median final cumulative incidence of diarrheal disease was higher than that of zero coverage. Our simulation findings suggest that increasing effective coverage of shared sanitation may have limited benefits against diarrhea-causing pathogens with an environmental reservoir and may lack benefit against diarrhea-causing pathogens without an environmental reservoir given increased human contacts if latrines are poorly maintained.

Diarrhea

Mathematical model

Sanitation

Details

Title: Subtitle: The impact of shared sanitation facilities on diarrheal diseases with and without an environmental reservoir: a modeling study
Creators: Matthew R Just - Georgia Southern University
Stephen W Carden - Georgia Southern University
Sheng Li - City University of New York
Kelly K Baker - University of Iowa
Manoj Gambhir - Monash University
Isaac Chun-Hai Fung - Georgia Southern University
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Pathogens and global health, Vol.112(4), pp.195-202
DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2018.1478927
PMID: 29874978
PMCID: PMC6147076
NLM abbreviation: Pathog Glob Health
ISSN: 2047-7724
eISSN: 2047-7732
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Language: English
Date published: 05/19/2018
Academic Unit: Occupational and Environmental Health; Epidemiology
Record Identifier: 9984227051702771

Metrics

3 Record Views

8 Times Cited - Web of Science