Logo image
The nuclear receptor NR2E3 plays a role in human retinal photoreceptor differentiation and degeneration
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

The nuclear receptor NR2E3 plays a role in human retinal photoreceptor differentiation and degeneration

Ann H Milam, Linda Rose, Artur V Cideciyan, Mark R Barakat, Wai-Xing Tang, Nisha Gupta, Tomas S Aleman, Alan F Wright, Edwin M Stone, Val C Sheffield, …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, Vol.99(1), pp.473-478
01/08/2002
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.022533099
PMCID: PMC117584
PMID: 11773633
url
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.022533099View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Normal human retinal development involves orderly generation of rods and cones by complex mechanisms. Cell-fate specification involves progenitor cell lineage and external signals such as soluble factors and cell-cell interactions. In most inherited human retinal degenerations, including retinitis pigmentosa, a mutant gene causes loss of visual function, death of mature rods, and eventually death of all cone subtypes. Only one inherited retinal disorder, the enhanced S cone syndrome (ESCS), shows increased visual function, involving the minority S (blue) cones, and decreased rod and L/M (red/green) cone function. This autosomal recessive disease is caused by mutations in NR2E3, a photoreceptor nuclear receptor transcription factor, and may result from abnormal cell-fate determination, leading to excess S cones at the expense of other photoreceptor subtypes. In 16 ESCS patients with the most common NR2E3 mutation, R311Q, we documented an abnormal ratio of S to L/M cone function and progressive retinal degeneration. We studied the postmortem retina of an ESCS patient homozygous for NR2E3 R311Q. No rods were identified, but cones were increased approximately 2-fold, and 92% were S cones. Only 15% of the cones expressed L/M cone opsin, and some coexpressed S cone opsin. The retina was disorganized, with densely packed cones intermixed with inner retinal neurons. The retina was also degenerate, retaining photoreceptors in only the central and far peripheral regions. These observations suggest a key role for NR2E3 in regulation of human photoreceptor development. Degeneration of the NR2E3 retina may result from defective development, known S cone fragility, or abnormal maintenance of mature photoreceptors.
Immunohistochemistry Retina - metabolism Transcription Factors - physiology Humans Middle Aged Retinitis Pigmentosa - metabolism Genotype Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - physiology Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - genetics Transcription Factors - genetics Transcription Factors - metabolism Cell Lineage Phenotype Time Factors Photoreceptor Cells - metabolism Adult Female Aged Cell Differentiation Mutation Orphan Nuclear Receptors Microscopy, Fluorescence Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism

Details

Logo image