Journal article
The role of gender in cognitive outcomes from stroke
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Vol.57(1), pp.529-563
Spring 2023
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617723000036
PMCID: PMC10757593
PMID: 36781414
Appears in UI Libraries Support Open Access
Abstract
Stroke can cause cognitive impairment, which can lead to challenges returning to day-to-day activities. Knowing what factors are associated with cognitive impairment post-stroke can be useful for predicting outcomes and guiding rehabilitation. One such factor is gender: previous studies are inconclusive as to whether gender influences cognitive outcomes post-stroke. Accounting for key variables, we examined whether there are gender differences in cognitive outcomes after stroke.
We analyzed data from neuropsychological assessments of 237 individuals tested in the chronic epoch (≥ 3 months) following ischemic stroke. Using ANCOVA and linear mixed modeling, we examined gender as a predictor of cognition as measured by general cognitive ability (g), Full-Scale IQ, and 18 cognitive tests, controlling for age at stroke onset, education, premorbid intelligence, and lesion volume.
There were no significant gender differences in overall cognitive outcomes as measured by g (= .887) or Full-Scale IQ (= .801). There were some significant gender differences on specific cognitive tests, with women outperforming men on scores from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (< .01) and men outperforming women on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Arithmetic and Information subtests (< .01).
Our findings indicate that men and women have similar overall cognitive outcomes after stroke, when demographic and lesion factors are accounted for. Although men and women differed in their performance on some individual cognitive tests, neither gender performed systematically better or worse. However, for learning, working memory, and verbal knowledge/comprehension, gender may be an important predictor of outcome post-stroke.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The role of gender in cognitive outcomes from stroke
- Creators
- Emma Brandt - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242, USASachinkumar Singh - Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242, USAMark Bowren - Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242, USAAmol Bhagvathi - Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242, USADaniel Tranel - University of IowaAaron D Boes - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Vol.57(1), pp.529-563
- DOI
- 10.1017/S1355617723000036
- PMID
- 36781414
- PMCID
- PMC10757593
- NLM abbreviation
- J Int Neuropsychol Soc
- ISSN
- 1355-6177
- eISSN
- 1469-7661
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 02/14/2023
- Date published season
- Spring 2023
- Date published
- 2023
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Neurology; Psychiatry; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Neurology (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984366459402771
Metrics
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