Therapeutic testis biopsy for sperm retrieval

Moshe Wald; Antoine A Makhlouf; Craig S Niederberger

doi:10.1097/MOU.0b013e3282f0f0b1

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Journal article

Therapeutic testis biopsy for sperm retrieval

Moshe Wald, Antoine A Makhlouf and Craig S Niederberger

Current opinion in urology, Vol.17(6), pp.431-438

11/2007

DOI: 10.1097/MOU.0b013e3282f0f0b1

PMID: 17921779

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Abstract

The introduction of IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection revolutionized the treatment of male infertility by requiring a minimal number of sperm to achieve pregnancy. We describe the various methods for testicular sperm retrieval in different types of azoospermia. Different techniques for surgical sperm retrieval are available, including testicular sperm aspiration, single, multisite and microdissection testicular sperm extraction, as well as percutaneous and microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration. While these methods have similar retrieval outcomes in obstructive azoospermia, testicular sperm extraction procedures appear to be more beneficial in cases of nonobstructive azoospermia. A reliable algorithm for predicting the outcome of microdissection testicular sperm extraction using clinical parameters is still lacking, and may be difficult to develop, given the fact that this method is designed to detect and sample even minute areas of focal spermatogenesis. A variety of surgical sperm retrieval procedures can be performed for the purpose of subsequent or simultaneous IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The decision regarding the type of procedure should be based on the type of azoospermia, specific clinical circumstances, as well as on the surgeon's preference and experience.

Biopsy - methods

Microdissection

Humans

Biomarkers - analysis

Male

Azoospermia - metabolism

Sperm Retrieval

Azoospermia - pathology

Testis - chemistry

Patient Selection

Epididymis - pathology

Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

Testis - pathology

Azoospermia - etiology

Cryopreservation

Fertilization in Vitro - methods

Biopsy, Needle

Azoospermia - therapy

Azoospermia - diagnosis

Details

Title: Subtitle: Therapeutic testis biopsy for sperm retrieval
Creators: Moshe Wald - Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1089, USA. moshe-wald@uiowa.edu
Antoine A Makhlouf
Craig S Niederberger
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Current opinion in urology, Vol.17(6), pp.431-438
Publisher: United States
DOI: 10.1097/MOU.0b013e3282f0f0b1
PMID: 17921779
ISSN: 0963-0643
eISSN: 1473-6586
Language: English
Date published: 11/2007
Academic Unit: Urology
Record Identifier: 9984051774302771

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