Journal article
Thromboprophylaxis for children hospitalized with COVID-19 and MIS-C
Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, Vol.6(5), pp.e12780-n/a
07/01/2022
DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12780
PMCID: PMC9357887
PMID: 35949885
Abstract
Background: Limited data exist about effective regimens for pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in children with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
Objectives: Study the outcomes of institutional thromboprophylaxis protocol for primary venous thromboembolism (VIE) prevention in children hospitalized with acute COVID-19/MIS-C.
Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included consecutive children (aged less than 21 years) with COVID-19/MIS-C who received tailored intensity thromboprophylaxis, primarily with low-molecular-weight heparin, from April 2020 through October 2021. Thromboprophylaxis was given to those with moderate to severe disease based on the World Health Organization scale and exposure to two or more VTE risk factors. Therapeutic intensity was considered for severe illness. Clinical recovery along with D-dimer improvement determined thromboprophylaxis duration. Outcomes were incident VTEs, bleeding, and mortality.
Results: Among 211 hospitalizations, 45 (21.3%) received thromboprophylaxis (COVID-19, 16; MIS-C, 29). Median age was 14.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 8.9-16.1). Among 35 (77.8%) with severe illness, 27 (60.0%) required respiratory support, and 19 (42.2%) required an intensive care unit stay. Median hospitalization was 6 days (IQR, 5.0-10.5). Median thromboprophylaxis duration was 19 days (IQR, 6.0-31.0) with therapeutic intensity in 24 (53.3%) and prophylactic in 21 (46.7%). Outcomes were as follows: VTE, 1 (2.2%); death, 1 (2.2%, unrelated to bleeding/thrombosis); major/clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, 0; and minor bleeding, 7 (15.5%). D-dimer was elevated in a majority at diagnosis (median, 2.3; IQR, 1.2-3.3 mg/ml fibrinogen-equivalent units) and was noninformative in assessing disease severity. D-dimer normalized at thromboprophylaxis discontinuation.
Conclusions: Our experience of using clinically directed thromboprophylaxis with tailored intensity approach for children hospitalized with COVID-19 and MIS-C favors its inclusion in current standard of care. The role of D-dimer in directing thromboprophy-laxis management deserves further evaluation.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Thromboprophylaxis for children hospitalized with COVID-19 and MIS-C
- Creators
- Anna H. Schmitz - University of IowaKelly E. Wood - University of IowaElliot L. Burghardt - University of IowaBryan P. Koestner - University of IowaLinder H. Wendt - University of IowaAditya Badheka - University of IowaAnjali A. Sharathkumar - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, Vol.6(5), pp.e12780-n/a
- Publisher
- Wiley
- DOI
- 10.1002/rth2.12780
- PMID
- 35949885
- PMCID
- PMC9357887
- ISSN
- 2475-0379
- eISSN
- 2475-0379
- Number of pages
- 13
- Grant note
- UL1TR002537 / National Institute of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/01/2022
- Academic Unit
- Critical Care; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Hematology/Oncology; Hospital Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984353845802771
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