Thymocytes, pre-B cells, and organ changes in a mouse model of chronic ethanol ingestion : Absence of subset-specific glucocorticoid-induced immune cell loss

Robert T COOK; Annette J SCHLUETER; Ruth A COLEMAN; Lorraine TYGRETT; Zuhair K BALLAS; Thomas R JERRELLS; Marcus B NASHELSKY; Nancy B RAY; Thomas H HAUGEN; Thomas J WALDSCHMIDT

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00478.x

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Thymocytes, pre-B cells, and organ changes in a mouse model of chronic ethanol ingestion : Absence of subset-specific glucocorticoid-induced immune cell loss

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Thymocytes, pre-B cells, and organ changes in a mouse model of chronic ethanol ingestion : Absence of subset-specific glucocorticoid-induced immune cell loss

Robert T COOK, Annette J SCHLUETER, Ruth A COLEMAN, Lorraine TYGRETT, Zuhair K BALLAS, Thomas R JERRELLS, Marcus B NASHELSKY, Nancy B RAY, Thomas H HAUGEN and Thomas J WALDSCHMIDT

Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, Vol.31(10), pp.1746-1758

2007

DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00478.x

PMCID: PMC2190628

PMID: 17681030

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2190628View

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Abstract

Background: The well-known immune deficiency of the chronic alcoholic dictates the need for a long-term rodent ethanol administration model to evaluate the baseline immunologic effects of chronic ethanol abuse, and investigate the genetic determinants of those effects. Much published work with rodents has shown clearly that acute ethanol administration and short-term ethanol-containing liquid diets both cause elevated corticosterone and can cause significant thymocyte, pre-B cell and peripheral lymphocyte losses. Such losses may mask more subtle alterations in immune homeostasis, and in any case are generally short-lived compared with the span of chronic ethanol abuse. Thus, it is important to have a model in which long-term immune alterations can be studied free of corticosteroid-induced cell losses. Methods: We have utilized chronic 20% (w/v) ethanol in water administration to several mouse strains for prolonged periods of time and evaluated serum corticosterone, immunologic stress parameters, and other organ changes by standard methods. Results: We now confirm earlier reports that chronic ethanol in water administration to mice does not produce net elevations of corticosterone, although diurnal variation is altered. Importantly, there is neither selective loss of immune cell populations known to be corticosteroid sensitive, CD4+CD8+ thymocytes and pre-B cells, nor are changes observed in the histologic appearance of the thymus. Nonetheless, there are significant chronic ethanol effects in other tissues, including reduced heart weight, mild hepatic steatosis, alterations of gut flora, increased serum peptidoglycan, and as published elsewhere, immune system abnormalities. Conclusions: This model of ethanol administration is convenient, sustainable for up to 1 year, demonstrably feasible in several mouse strains, permits good weight gains in most strains, and results in significant changes in a number of organs. The administration method also will permit modeling of long-term steady abuse punctuated by major binges, and is suitable for supplementation studies using water soluble additives. Overall, the method is useful for a wide range of studies requiring a chronic low-stress method of ethanol administration.

Toxicology

Biological and medical sciences

Medical sciences

Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning

Details

Title: Subtitle: Thymocytes, pre-B cells, and organ changes in a mouse model of chronic ethanol ingestion : Absence of subset-specific glucocorticoid-induced immune cell loss
Creators: Robert T COOK - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Annette J SCHLUETER - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Ruth A COLEMAN - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Lorraine TYGRETT - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Zuhair K BALLAS - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Thomas R JERRELLS - Department of Pathology and Microbiology University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
Marcus B NASHELSKY - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Nancy B RAY - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Thomas H HAUGEN - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Thomas J WALDSCHMIDT - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, Vol.31(10), pp.1746-1758
DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00478.x
PMID: 17681030
PMCID: PMC2190628
NLM abbreviation: Alcohol Clin Exp Res
ISSN: 0145-6008
eISSN: 1530-0277
Publisher: Wiley; Baltimore, MD
Language: English
Date published: 2007
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Epidemiology; Pathology; Immunology; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984047900002771

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