Journal article
Toxicity Evaluation of Exposure to an Atmospheric Mixture of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by Nose-Only and Whole-Body Inhalation Regimens
Environmental science & technology, Vol.49(19), pp.11875-11883
10/06/2015
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02865
PMCID: PMC4711378
PMID: 26348937
Abstract
The health risk of inhalation exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) cannot be assessed with high confidence due to the lack of rigorous inhalation studies. One uncertainty rests on exposure regimen, as whole-body exposure systems allow oral PCB intake that confounds the exposure. We conducted contemporaneous PCB inhalation exposures with whole-body and nose-only exposure methods. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were concurrently exposed to vapor-phase PCBs (533 ± 93 μg/m(3)) generated from PCB11-supplemented Chicago Air Mixture resembling the Chicago airshed, 4 h/day, 6 days/week, for 4 weeks. Congener-specific analysis showed 1.5-fold higher ∑PCBs in the lungs of nose-only exposed than the whole-body exposed animals (p = 0.0024). Higher ∑PCB concentrations were also found in the sera, livers, brains, and adipose tissue of nose-only exposed animals (1.1-1.5-fold), but these increases were not statistically significant. Congener profiles of five tissue types were dominated by PCB 28/31 and higher-chlorinated congeners in both groups reflecting rapid metabolism of other lower-chlorinated PCBs. No toxicity was seen regarding metabolic enzyme expression, glutathione, or histopathology. However, diminished weight gain and reduced plasma total thyroxine levels were found in both groups compared with controls, after exposure to 76 μg/m(3) ∑PCBs as adjusted for continuous exposure. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was also elevated in the nose-only group. Our study shows that prolonged nose-only exposure was well-tolerated and eliminated the need for housing animals outside the vivarium, thus was preferred for long-term PCB inhalation studies.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Toxicity Evaluation of Exposure to an Atmospheric Mixture of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by Nose-Only and Whole-Body Inhalation Regimens
- Creators
- Xin Hu - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, ‡Department of Pathology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United StatesAndrea Adamcakova-Dodd - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, ‡Department of Pathology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United StatesHans-Joachim Lehmler - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, ‡Department of Pathology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United StatesKatherine Gibson-Corley - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, ‡Department of Pathology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United StatesPeter S Thorne - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, ‡Department of Pathology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Environmental science & technology, Vol.49(19), pp.11875-11883
- DOI
- 10.1021/acs.est.5b02865
- PMID
- 26348937
- PMCID
- PMC4711378
- NLM abbreviation
- Environ Sci Technol
- ISSN
- 0013-936X
- eISSN
- 1520-5851
- Publisher
- United States
- Grant note
- P30 ES005605 / NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES013661 / NIEHS NIH HHS P30 DK054759 / NIDDK NIH HHS P30 CA086862 / NCI NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/06/2015
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering; Occupational and Environmental Health; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Pathology; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Iowa Superfund Research Program; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- Record Identifier
- 9983997303302771
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