Translesion Synthesis: Insights into the Selection and Switching of DNA Polymerases

Linlin Zhao; M. Todd Washington

doi:10.3390/genes8010024

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Translesion Synthesis: Insights into the Selection and Switching of DNA Polymerases

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Translesion Synthesis: Insights into the Selection and Switching of DNA Polymerases

Linlin Zhao and M. Todd Washington

Genes, Vol.8(1), p.24

01/01/2017

DOI: 10.3390/genes8010024

PMCID: PMC5295019

PMID: 28075396

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Abstract

DNA replication is constantly challenged by DNA lesions, noncanonical DNA structures and difficult-to-replicate DNA sequences. Two major strategies to rescue a stalled replication fork and to ensure continuous DNA synthesis are: (1) template switching and recombination-dependent DNA synthesis; and (2) translesion synthesis (TLS) using specialized DNA polymerases to perform nucleotide incorporation opposite DNA lesions. The former pathway is mainly error-free, and the latter is error-prone and a major source of mutagenesis. An accepted model of translesion synthesis involves DNA polymerase switching steps between a replicative DNA polymerase and one or more TLS DNA polymerases. The mechanisms that govern the selection and exchange of specialized DNA polymerases for a given DNA lesion are not well understood. In this review, recent studies concerning the mechanisms of selection and switching of DNA polymerases in eukaryotic systems are summarized.

DNA lesion bypass

DNA polymerase

DNA damage

Review

genomic instability

mutagenesis

translesion synthesis

Details

Title: Subtitle: Translesion Synthesis: Insights into the Selection and Switching of DNA Polymerases
Creators: Linlin Zhao - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
M. Todd Washington - Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Genes, Vol.8(1), p.24
DOI: 10.3390/genes8010024
PMID: 28075396
PMCID: PMC5295019
NLM abbreviation: Genes (Basel)
ISSN: 2073-4425
eISSN: 2073-4425
Publisher: MDPI
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100008576, name: Central Michigan University, award: Startup funds; DOI: 10.13039/100000009, name: National Institutes Of Health, award: R15 GM117522, R01 GM081433
Language: English
Date published: 01/01/2017
Academic Unit: Radiation Oncology; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Record Identifier: 9984024502002771

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