Journal article
Trends in Community Pharmacy Counts and Closures Before and After the Implementation of Medicare Part D
The Journal of rural health, Vol.27(2), pp.168-175
03/2011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00342.x
PMID: 21457309
Abstract
Purpose: Medicare Part D provided 3.4 million American seniors with prescription drug insurance. It may also have had an unintended effect on pharmacy viability. This study compares trends in the number of pharmacies and rate of pharmacy closures before and after the implementation of Medicare Part D. Methods: This retrospective observational study used data from National Council for Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP) to track retail pharmacy closures and counts between January 2004 and January 2009. Pharmacies were classified by ownership (chain or independent), location (urban or rural), and whether they were the only pharmacy in a community. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to examine trends in pharmacy counts and closures. Findings: The number of independent and rural pharmacies decreased significantly after the implementation of Medicare Part D. The number of communities that saw their only pharmacy close also increased. Conclusions: Unintended consequences of Medicare Part D may serve to reduce patient access to pharmacy services in opposition to the stated goals of the program. © 2010 National Rural Health Association.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Trends in Community Pharmacy Counts and Closures Before and After the Implementation of Medicare Part D
- Creators
- Donald G Klepser - College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NebraskaLiyan Xu - RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NebraskaFred Ullrich - College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NebraskaKeith J Mueller - RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of rural health, Vol.27(2), pp.168-175
- Publisher
- Blackwell Publishing Inc
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00342.x
- PMID
- 21457309
- ISSN
- 0890-765X
- eISSN
- 1748-0361
- Number of pages
- 8
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/2011
- Academic Unit
- Health Management and Policy; Public Policy Center (Archive)
- Record Identifier
- 9984214844902771
Metrics
19 Record Views