Journal article
Two-Dimensional Dynamic Simulation of Platelet Activation During Mechanical Heart Valve Closure
Annals of biomedical engineering, Vol.34(10), pp.1519-1534
10/2006
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-006-9194-5
PMID: 17013660
Abstract
A major drawback in the operation of mechanical heart valve prostheses is thrombus formation in the near valve region. Detailed flow analysis in this region during the valve closure phase is of interest in understanding the relationship between shear stress and platelet activation. A fixed-grid Cartesian mesh flow solver is used to simulate the blood flow through a bi-leaflet mechanical valve employing a two-dimensional geometry of the leaflet with a pivot point representing the hinge region. A local mesh refinement algorithm allows efficient and fast flow computations with mesh adaptation based on the gradients of the flow field in the leaflet-housing gap at the instant of valve closure. Leaflet motion is calculated dynamically based on the fluid forces acting on it employing a fluid-structure interaction algorithm. Platelets are modeled and tracked as point particles by a Lagrangian particle tracking method which incorporates the hemodynamic forces on the particles. A platelet activation model is included to predict regions which are prone to platelet activation. Closure time of the leaflet is validated against experimental studies. Results show that the orientation of the jet flow through the gap between the housing and the leaflet causes the boundary layer from the valve housing to be drawn in by the shear layer separating from the leaflet. The interaction between the separating shear layers is seen to cause a region of intensely rotating flow with high shear stress and high residence time of particles leading to high likelihood of platelet activation in that region.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Two-Dimensional Dynamic Simulation of Platelet Activation During Mechanical Heart Valve Closure
- Creators
- S Krishnan - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USAH. S Udaykumar - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USAJ. S Marshall - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USAK. B Chandran - Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1402 SC, College of Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Annals of biomedical engineering, Vol.34(10), pp.1519-1534
- DOI
- 10.1007/s10439-006-9194-5
- PMID
- 17013660
- NLM abbreviation
- Ann Biomed Eng
- ISSN
- 0090-6964
- eISSN
- 1573-9686
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; New York
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/2006
- Academic Unit
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Injury Prevention Research Center; Mechanical Engineering
- Record Identifier
- 9984064237202771
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