Journal article
Type and Timing of Menopause and Later Life Mortality Among Women in the Iowa Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly Cohort
Journal of women's health (Larchmont, N.Y. 2002), Vol.21(1), pp.10-16
01/01/2012
DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2011.2745
PMCID: PMC3256559
PMID: 21970557
Abstract
Background: The relationship between menopausal characteristics and later life mortality is unclear. We tested the hypotheses that women with surgical menopause would have increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality compared with women with natural menopause, and that women with earlier ages at natural or surgical menopause would have greater all-cause and cardiovascular mortality than women with later ages at menopause.
Methods: Women who participated in the Iowa cohort of the Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (n = 1684) reported menopausal characteristics and potential confounding variables at baseline and were followed up for up to 24 years. Participants were aged 65 years or older at baseline and lived in rural areas. We used survival analysis to examine the relationships between menopausal characteristics and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Results: A total of 1477 women (87.7% of respondents) died during the study interval. Women with an age at natural menopause >= 55 years had increased all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality compared with women who had natural menopause at younger ages. Type of menopause and age at surgical menopause were not related to mortality. These patterns persisted after adjustment for potential confounding variables.
Conclusions: Among an older group of women from a rural area of the United States, later age at natural menopause was related to increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Monitoring the cardiovascular health of this group of older women may contribute to improved survival times.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Type and Timing of Menopause and Later Life Mortality Among Women in the Iowa Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly Cohort
- Creators
- Sarah E. Tom - The University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonRachel Cooper - Massachusetts Rehabilitation CommissionRobert B. Wallace - University of IowaJack M. Guralnik - University of Maryland, Baltimore
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of women's health (Larchmont, N.Y. 2002), Vol.21(1), pp.10-16
- DOI
- 10.1089/jwh.2011.2745
- PMID
- 21970557
- PMCID
- PMC3256559
- NLM abbreviation
- J Womens Health (Larchmt)
- ISSN
- 1540-9996
- eISSN
- 1931-843X
- Publisher
- Mary Ann Liebert Inc
- Number of pages
- 7
- Grant note
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD) MC_U123092724 / MRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC) National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) K12HD052023 / EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD) MC_U123092724 / Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); European Commission National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID) RES-353-25-0001 / New Dynamics of Ageing Office of Research on Women's Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH)
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/01/2012
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984363664902771
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