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US assessment of HPV types in cancers: implications for current and 9-valent HPV vaccines
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

US assessment of HPV types in cancers: implications for current and 9-valent HPV vaccines

Mona Saraiya, Elizabeth R Unger, Trevor D Thompson, Charles F Lynch, Brenda Y Hernandez, Christopher W Lyu, Martin Steinau, Meg Watson, Edward J Wilkinson, Claudia Hopenhayn, …
JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol.107(6), pp.djv086-djv086
06/2015
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv086
PMCID: PMC4838063
PMID: 25925419
url
https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djv086View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

This study sought to determine the prevaccine type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers in the United States to evaluate the potential impact of the HPV types in the current and newly approved 9-valent HPV vaccines. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention partnered with seven US population-based cancer registries to obtain archival tissue for cancers diagnosed from 1993 to 2005. HPV testing was performed on 2670 case patients that were fairly representative of all participating cancer registry cases by age and sex. Demographic and clinical data were evaluated by anatomic site and HPV status. Current US cancer registry data and the detection of HPV types were used to estimate the number of cancers potentially preventable through vaccination. HPV DNA was detected in 90.6% of cervical, 91.1% of anal, 75.0% of vaginal, 70.1% of oropharyngeal, 68.8% of vulvar, 63.3% of penile, 32.0% of oral cavity, and 20.9% of laryngeal cancers, as well as in 98.8% of cervical cancer in situ (CCIS). A vaccine targeting HPV 16/18 potentially prevents the majority of invasive cervical (66.2%), anal (79.4%), oropharyngeal (60.2%), and vaginal (55.1%) cancers, as well as many penile (47.9%), vulvar (48.6%) cancers: 24 858 cases annually. The 9-valent vaccine also targeting HPV 31/33/45/52/58 may prevent an additional 4.2% to 18.3% of cancers: 3944 cases annually. For most cancers, younger age at diagnosis was associated with higher HPV 16/18 prevalence. With the exception of oropharyngeal cancers and CCIS, HPV 16/18 prevalence was similar across racial/ethnic groups. In the United States, current vaccines will reduce most HPV-associated cancers; a smaller additional reduction would be contributed by the new 9-valent vaccine.
Registries Adult Aged Alphapapillomavirus - genetics Alphapapillomavirus - isolation & purification DNA, Viral - isolation & purification Female Human papillomavirus 16 - isolation & purification Human papillomavirus 18 - isolation & purification Humans Laryngeal Neoplasms - prevention & control Laryngeal Neoplasms - virology Male Middle Aged Neoplasms - prevention & control Neoplasms - virology Oropharyngeal Neoplasms - prevention & control Oropharyngeal Neoplasms - virology Papillomavirus Infections - complications Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control Papillomavirus Infections - virology Papillomavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology Penile Neoplasms - prevention & control Penile Neoplasms - virology United States - epidemiology Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - prevention & control Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology Vulvar Neoplasms - prevention & control Vulvar Neoplasms - virology

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