Umbilical Cord Blood Leptin and IL-6 in the Presence of Maternal Diabetes or Chorioamnionitis

Lauren K Vasilakos; Baiba Steinbrekera; Donna A Santillan; Mark K Santillan; Debra S Brandt; Daniel Dagle; Robert D Roghair

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.836541

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Umbilical Cord Blood Leptin and IL-6 in the Presence of Maternal Diabetes or Chorioamnionitis

Journal article

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Umbilical Cord Blood Leptin and IL-6 in the Presence of Maternal Diabetes or Chorioamnionitis

Lauren K Vasilakos, Baiba Steinbrekera, Donna A Santillan, Mark K Santillan, Debra S Brandt, Daniel Dagle and Robert D Roghair

Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne), Vol.13, pp.836541-836541

2022

DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.836541

PMCID: PMC8859102

PMID: 35197933

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Abstract

Diabetes during pregnancy is associated with elevated maternal insulin, leptin and IL-6. Within the placenta, IL-6 can further stimulate leptin production. Despite structural similarities and shared roles in inflammation, leptin and IL-6 have contrasting effects on neurodevelopment, and the relative importance of maternal diabetes or chorioamnionitis on fetal hormone exposure has not been defined. We hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between IL-6 and leptin with progressively increased levels in pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes and chorioamnionitis. To test this hypothesis, cord blood samples were obtained from 104 term infants, including 47 exposed to maternal diabetes. Leptin, insulin, and IL-6 were quantified by multiplex assay. Factors independently associated with hormone levels were identified by univariate and multivariate linear regression. Unlike IL-6, leptin and insulin were significantly increased by maternal diabetes. Maternal BMI and birth weight were independent predictors of leptin and insulin with birth weight the strongest predictor of leptin. Clinically diagnosed chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis were associated with increased IL-6 but not leptin. Among appropriate for gestational age infants without sepsis, IL-6 and leptin were strongly correlated (R=0.6, P<0.001). In summary, maternal diabetes and birth weight are associated with leptin while chorioamnionitis is associated with IL-6. The constraint of the positive association between leptin and IL-6 to infants without sepsis suggests that the term infant and placenta may have a limited capacity to increase cord blood levels of the neuroprotective hormone leptin in the presence of increased cord blood levels of the potential neurotoxin IL-6.

Chorioamnionitis

Diabetes, Gestational

Female

Fetal Blood - chemistry

Humans

Infant

Infant, Newborn

Interleukin-6

Leptin

Pregnancy

Details

Title: Subtitle: Umbilical Cord Blood Leptin and IL-6 in the Presence of Maternal Diabetes or Chorioamnionitis
Creators: Lauren K Vasilakos - Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine
Baiba Steinbrekera - University of South Dakota
Donna A Santillan - University of Iowa
Mark K Santillan - University of Iowa
Debra S Brandt - University of Iowa
Daniel Dagle - Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine
Robert D Roghair - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne), Vol.13, pp.836541-836541
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.836541
PMID: 35197933
PMCID: PMC8859102
NLM abbreviation: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
ISSN: 1664-2392
eISSN: 1664-2392
Language: English
Date published: 2022
Academic Unit: Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Obstetrics and Gynecology; Neonatology
Record Identifier: 9984318225502771

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