Journal article
Understanding Luminal Microorganisms and Their Potential Effectiveness in Treating Intestinal Inflammation
Inflammatory bowel diseases, Vol.22(1), pp.194-201
01/2016
DOI: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000599
PMCID: PMC4679592
PMID: 26457381
Abstract
The human intestine contains 10¹⁴ bacteria, which outnumber the mammalian cells 10-fold. Certain other commensal or infectious agents, like helminthic parasites, become members of this microbial ecosystem, especially in populations living under less hygienic conditions. Intestinal microbes, also called the microbiome or microbiota, shape the host immune reactivity to self and nonself throughout life. Changes in microbiome composition may impair the maturation of immune regulatory pathways and predispose the host to develop various forms of inflammatory disorders, like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. The microbiome is also critical to successful transplantation of organs or grafts. After allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, when the new donor cells, such as T lymphocytes learn to discriminate "the new self from nonself" in the transplant recipient, they need healthy microbiota-derived signals to preserve the immune homeostasis. Restoring microbiota through intestinal delivery of bacterial strains, helminths, fecal microbiota transplantation, or stool substitutes have the potential to improve and correct aberrant immune reactivity in various disorders.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Understanding Luminal Microorganisms and Their Potential Effectiveness in Treating Intestinal Inflammation
- Creators
- M Nedim Ince - University of Iowa, Internal MedicineBruce R BlazarMichael B EdmondGuido TricotMichael J Wannemuehler
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Inflammatory bowel diseases, Vol.22(1), pp.194-201
- DOI
- 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000599
- PMID
- 26457381
- PMCID
- PMC4679592
- NLM abbreviation
- Inflamm Bowel Dis
- ISSN
- 1078-0998
- eISSN
- 1536-4844
- Publisher
- United States
- Grant note
- R01 AI034495 / NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI116715 / NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI 34495 / NIAID NIH HHS R01 HL118979 / NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL56067 / NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL056067 / NHLBI NIH HHS R01 AI112613 / NIAID NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2016
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9983905527302771
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