Updated three-stage model for the peopling of the Americas

Connie J Mulligan; Andrew Kitchen; Michael M Miyamoto

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003199

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Updated three-stage model for the peopling of the Americas

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Updated three-stage model for the peopling of the Americas

Connie J Mulligan, Andrew Kitchen and Michael M Miyamoto

PloS one, Vol.3(9), pp.e3199-e3199

09/17/2008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003199

PMCID: PMC2527656

PMID: 18797500

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Abstract

We re-assess support for our three stage model for the peopling of the Americas in light of a recent report that identified nine non-Native American mitochondrial genome sequences that should not have been included in our initial analysis. Removal of these sequences results in the elimination of an early (i.e. approximately 40,000 years ago) expansion signal we had proposed for the proto-Amerind population. Bayesian skyline plot analysis of a new dataset of Native American mitochondrial coding genomes confirms the absence of an early expansion signal for the proto-Amerind population and allows us to reduce the variation around our estimate of the New World founder population size. In addition, genetic variants that define New World founder haplogroups are used to estimate the amount of time required between divergence of proto-Amerinds from the Asian gene pool and expansion into the New World. The period of population isolation required for the generation of New World mitochondrial founder haplogroup-defining genetic variants makes the existence of three stages of colonization a logical conclusion. Thus, our three stage model remains an important and useful working hypothesis for researchers interested in the peopling of the Americas and the processes of colonization.

Americas

Genetics, Population

Computational Biology - methods

Humans

Phylogeny

Genetic Variation

Likelihood Functions

Algorithms

DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics

Ethnic Groups

Models, Biological

Bayes Theorem

Indians, North American - genetics

Software

Genome

Details

Title: Subtitle: Updated three-stage model for the peopling of the Americas
Creators: Connie J Mulligan - Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Andrew Kitchen
Michael M Miyamoto
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.3(9), pp.e3199-e3199
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003199
PMID: 18797500
PMCID: PMC2527656
NLM abbreviation: PLoS One
ISSN: 1932-6203
eISSN: 1932-6203
Publisher: United States
Language: English
Date published: 09/17/2008
Academic Unit: Anthropology; International Programs
Record Identifier: 9983984520302771

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