Using Bayesian Models to Assess the Effects of Under-reporting of Cannabis Use on the Association with Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2005

Marleen M. H. J van Gelder; A Rogier; T Donders; Owen Devine; Nel Roeleveld; Jennita Reefhuis; National Birth Defects Prevention Study

doi:10.1111/ppe.12140

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Using Bayesian Models to Assess the Effects of Under-reporting of Cannabis Use on the Association with Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2005

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Using Bayesian Models to Assess the Effects of Under-reporting of Cannabis Use on the Association with Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2005

Marleen M. H. J van Gelder, A Rogier, T Donders, Owen Devine, Nel Roeleveld, Jennita Reefhuis and National Birth Defects Prevention Study

Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, Vol.28(5), pp.424-433

09/2014

DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12140

PMCID: PMC4532339

PMID: 25155701

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4532339View

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Abstract

Background Studies on associations between periconceptional cannabis exposure and birth defects have mainly relied on self-reported exposure. Therefore, the results may be biased due to under-reporting of the exposure. The aim of this study was to quantify the potential effects of this form of exposure misclassification. Methods Using multivariable logistic regression, we re-analysed associations between periconceptional cannabis use and 20 specific birth defects using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study from 1997–2005 for 13 859 case infants and 6556 control infants. For seven birth defects, we implemented four Bayesian models based on various assumptions concerning the sensitivity of self-reported cannabis use to estimate odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for confounding and under-reporting of the exposure. We used information on sensitivity of self-reported cannabis use from the literature for prior assumptions. Results The results unadjusted for under-reporting of the exposure showed an association between cannabis use and anencephaly (posterior OR 1.9 [95% credible interval (CRI) 1.1, 3.2]) which persisted after adjustment for potential exposure misclassification. Initially, no statistically significant associations were observed between cannabis use and the other birth defect categories studied. Although adjustment for under-reporting did not notably change these effect estimates, cannabis use was associated with esophageal atresia (posterior OR 1.7 [95% CRI 1.0, 2.9]), diaphragmatic hernia (posterior OR 1.8 [95% CRI 1.1, 3.0]), and gastroschisis (posterior OR 1.7 [95% CRI 1.2, 2.3]) after correction for exposure misclassification. Conclusions Under-reporting of the exposure may have obscured some cannabis-birth defect associations in previous studies. However, the resulting bias is likely to be limited.

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Title: Subtitle: Using Bayesian Models to Assess the Effects of Under-reporting of Cannabis Use on the Association with Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2005
Creators: Marleen M. H. J van Gelder - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
A Rogier - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
T Donders - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Owen Devine - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Nel Roeleveld - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Jennita Reefhuis - Department for Health Evidence, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Department of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Contributors: Paul A Romitti (Contributor) - University of Iowa, Epidemiology
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, Vol.28(5), pp.424-433
DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12140
PMID: 25155701
PMCID: PMC4532339
NLM abbreviation: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol
ISSN: 0269-5022
eISSN: 1365-3016
Language: English
Date published: 09/2014
Academic Unit: Epidemiology; Biostatistics
Record Identifier: 9984214686302771

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