Using polygenic scores for identifying individuals at increased risk of substance use disorders in clinical and population samples

Peter B Barr; Albert Ksinan; Jinni Su; Emma C Johnson; Jacquelyn L Meyers; Leah Wetherill; Antti Latvala; Fazil Aliev; Grace Chan; Samuel Kuperman; John Nurnberger; Chella Kamarajan; Andrey Anokhin; Arpana Agrawal; Richard J Rose; Howard J Edenberg; Marc Schuckit; Jaakko Kaprio; Danielle M Dick

doi:10.1038/s41398-020-00865-8

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Using polygenic scores for identifying individuals at increased risk of substance use disorders in clinical and population samples

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Using polygenic scores for identifying individuals at increased risk of substance use disorders in clinical and population samples

Peter B Barr, Albert Ksinan, Jinni Su, Emma C Johnson, Jacquelyn L Meyers, Leah Wetherill, Antti Latvala, Fazil Aliev, Grace Chan, Samuel Kuperman, …

Translational psychiatry, Vol.10(1), pp.196-196

06/18/2020

DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00865-8

PMCID: PMC7303212

PMID: 32555147

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Abstract

Genome-wide, polygenic risk scores (PRS) have emerged as a useful way to characterize genetic liability. There is growing evidence that PRS may prove useful for early identification of those at increased risk for certain diseases. The current potential of PRS for alcohol use disorders (AUD) remains an open question. Using data from both a population-based sample [the FinnTwin12 (FT12) study] and a high-risk sample [the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA)], we examined the association between PRSs derived from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of (1) alcohol dependence/alcohol problems, (2) alcohol consumption, and (3) risky behaviors with AUD and other substance use disorder (SUD) criteria. These PRSs explain ~2.5-3.5% of the variance in AUD (across FT12 and COGA) when all PRSs are included in the same model. Calculations of area under the curve (AUC) show PRS provide only a slight improvement over a model with age, sex, and ancestral principal components as covariates. While individuals in the top 20, 10, and 5% of the PRS distribution had greater odds of having an AUD compared to the lower end of the continuum in both COGA and FT12, the point estimates at each threshold were statistically indistinguishable. Those in the top 5% reported greater levels of licit (alcohol and nicotine) and illicit (cannabis and opioid) SUD criteria. PRSs are associated with risk for SUD in independent samples. However, usefulness for identifying those at increased risk in their current form is modest, at best. Improvement in predictive ability will likely be dependent on increasing the size of well-phenotyped discovery samples.

Alcohol Drinking

Alcoholism - epidemiology

Alcoholism - genetics

Genome-Wide Association Study

Humans

Multifactorial Inheritance

Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology

Substance-Related Disorders - genetics

Details

Title: Subtitle: Using polygenic scores for identifying individuals at increased risk of substance use disorders in clinical and population samples
Creators: Peter B Barr - Virginia Commonwealth University
Albert Ksinan - Virginia Commonwealth University
Jinni Su - Arizona State University
Emma C Johnson - Washington University in St. Louis
Jacquelyn L Meyers - SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
Leah Wetherill - Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
Antti Latvala - University of Helsinki
Fazil Aliev - Virginia Commonwealth University
Grace Chan - University of Connecticut
Samuel Kuperman - University of Iowa
John Nurnberger - Indiana University
Chella Kamarajan - SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
Andrey Anokhin - Washington University in St. Louis
Arpana Agrawal - Washington University in St. Louis
Richard J Rose - Indiana University
Howard J Edenberg - Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
Marc Schuckit - University of California San Diego
Jaakko Kaprio - Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland
Danielle M Dick - Virginia Commonwealth University
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Translational psychiatry, Vol.10(1), pp.196-196
DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00865-8
PMID: 32555147
PMCID: PMC7303212
NLM abbreviation: Transl Psychiatry
ISSN: 2158-3188
eISSN: 2158-3188
Grant note: 312073 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 118555 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 114C117 / Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) 100499 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) F32AA027435 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) K02DA32573 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) 308248 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 205585 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) K01DA037914 / U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) 308698 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 141054 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 265240 / Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia)
Language: English
Date published: 06/18/2020
Academic Unit: Psychiatry
Record Identifier: 9984293656902771

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