Journal article
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A-Associated Hospitalization, Organ Failure, and Death: United States, 2022-2023
Clinical infectious diseases, Vol.78(4), pp.1056-1064
04/10/2024
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad677
PMCID: PMC11487098
PMID: 38051664
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza circulation during the 2022-2023 season in the United States largely returned to pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-pandemic patterns and levels. Influenza A(H3N2) viruses were detected most frequently this season, predominately clade 3C.2a1b.2a, a close antigenic match to the vaccine strain. METHODS To understand effectiveness of the 2022-2023 influenza vaccine against influenza-associated hospitalization, organ failure, and death, a multicenter sentinel surveillance network in the United States prospectively enrolled adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness between 1 October 2022, and 28 February 2023. Using the test-negative design, vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates against influenza-associated hospitalization, organ failures, and death were measured by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in influenza-positive case-patients and influenza-negative, SARS-CoV-2-negative control-patients. RESULTS A total of 3707 patients, including 714 influenza cases (33% vaccinated) and 2993 influenza- and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-negative controls (49% vaccinated) were analyzed. VE against influenza-associated hospitalization was 37% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27%-46%) and varied by age (18-64 years: 47% [30%-60%]; ≥65 years: 28% [10%-43%]), and virus (A[H3N2]: 29% [6%-46%], A[H1N1]: 47% [23%-64%]). VE against more severe influenza-associated outcomes included: 41% (29%-50%) against influenza with hypoxemia treated with supplemental oxygen; 65% (56%-72%) against influenza with respiratory, cardiovascular, or renal failure treated with organ support; and 66% (40%-81%) against influenza with respiratory failure treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSIONS During an early 2022-2023 influenza season with a well-matched influenza vaccine, vaccination was associated with reduced risk of influenza-associated hospitalization and organ failure.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A-Associated Hospitalization, Organ Failure, and Death: United States, 2022-2023
- Creators
- Nathaniel M Lewis - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesYuwei Zhu - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterIthan D Peltan - Intermountain Medical CenterManjusha Gaglani - Baylor Scott & White Medical Center - TempleTresa McNeal - Baylor College of MedicineShekhar Ghamande - Baylor Scott & White HealthJay S Steingrub - Baystate Medical CenterNathan I Shapiro - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterAbhijit Duggal - Cleveland ClinicWilliam S Bender - Emory UniversityLeyla Taghizadeh - Hennepin County Medical CenterSamuel M Brown - University of UtahDavid N Hager - Johns Hopkins MedicineMichelle N Gong - Albert Einstein College of MedicineAmira Mohamed - The Ohio State UniversityMatthew C Exline - The Ohio State UniversityAkram Khan - Oregon Health & Science UniversityJennifer G Wilson - Stanford UniversityNida Qadir - University of California, Los AngelesSteven Y Chang - University of California, Los AngelesAdit A Ginde - University of Colorado DenverNicholas M Mohr - University of IowaChristopher Mallow - University of MiamiAdam S Lauring - University of MichiganNicholas J Johnson - University of WashingtonKevin W Gibbs - Wake Forest UniversityJennie H Kwon - Washington University in St. LouisCristie Columbus - Baylor Scott & White HealthRobert L Gottlieb - Baylor University Medical CenterCatherine Raver - Baylor Scott & White HealthIvana A Vaughn - Henry Ford Health SystemMayur Ramesh - Henry Ford Health SystemCassandra Johnson - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterLois Lamerato - Henry Ford Health SystemBasmah Safdar - Yale UniversityJonathan D Casey - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterTodd W Rice - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNatasha Halasa - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJames D Chappell - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterCarlos G Grijalva - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterH Keipp Talbot - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterAdrienne Baughman - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterKelsey N Womack - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterSydney A Swan - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterElizabeth Harker - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesAshley Price - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesJennifer DeCuir - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesDiya Surie - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionSascha Ellington - National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesWesley H Self - Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Contributors
- Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network (Contributor)Anne Zepeski (Contributor) - University of Iowa, University of Iowa Health Care
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Clinical infectious diseases, Vol.78(4), pp.1056-1064
- DOI
- 10.1093/cid/ciad677
- PMID
- 38051664
- PMCID
- PMC11487098
- NLM abbreviation
- Clin Infect Dis
- eISSN
- 1537-6591
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 12/05/2023
- Date published
- 04/10/2024
- Academic Unit
- Sociology and Criminology; International Programs; Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Pharmacy Practice and Science; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center; Public Policy Center (Archive); School of Planning and Public Affairs; Political Science
- Record Identifier
- 9984521372802771
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