Journal article
Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum
World psychiatry, Vol.21(1), pp.26-54
02/2022
DOI: 10.1002/wps.20943
PMCID: PMC8751579
PMID: 35015357
Abstract
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co‐occurrence, substantial heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic unreliability over time and across clinicians. This paper reviews evidence on the validity and utility of the internalizing and somatoform spectra of HiTOP, which together provide support for an emotional dysfunction superspectrum. These spectra are composed of homogeneous symptom and maladaptive trait dimensions currently subsumed within multiple diagnostic classes, including depressive, anxiety, trauma‐related, eating, bipolar, and somatic symptom disorders, as well as sexual dysfunction and aspects of personality disorders. Dimensions falling within the emotional dysfunction superspectrum are broadly linked to individual differences in negative affect/neuroticism. Extensive evidence establishes that dimensions falling within the superspectrum share genetic diatheses, environmental risk factors, cognitive and affective difficulties, neural substrates and biomarkers, childhood temperamental antecedents, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the quantitative structure of the superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to internalizing or somatoform conditions, and others common to both, thereby underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the internalizing and somatoform spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and greater clinical applicability. Validated measures are currently available to implement the HiTOP system in practice, which can make diagnostic classification more useful, both in research and in the clinic.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum
- Creators
- David Watson - University of Notre DameHolly F. Levin-Aspenson - Brown UniversityMonika A. Waszczuk - Stony Brook UniversityChristopher C. Conway - Fordham UniversityTim Dalgleish - MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitMichael N. Dretsch - Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchNicholas R. Eaton - Stony Brook UniversityMiriam K. Forbes - Macquarie UniversityKelsie T. Forbush - University of KansasKelsey A. Hobbs - University of MinnesotaGiorgia Michelini - University of California, Los AngelesBrady D. Nelson - Stony Brook UniversityMartin Sellbom - University of OtagoTim Slade - University of SydneySusan C. South - Purdue University West LafayetteMatthew Sunderland - University of SydneyIrwin Waldman - Emory UniversityMichael Witthöft - Johannes Gutenberg University MainzAidan G.C. Wright - University of PittsburghRoman Kotov - Stony Brook UniversityRobert F. Krueger - University of MinnesotaHierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Utility WorkgroupKristian E Markon (Contributor) - Psychological and Brain Sciences
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- World psychiatry, Vol.21(1), pp.26-54
- Publisher
- John Wiley & Sons, Inc
- DOI
- 10.1002/wps.20943
- PMID
- 35015357
- PMCID
- PMC8751579
- ISSN
- 1723-8617
- eISSN
- 2051-5545
- Alternative title
- Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2022
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences
- Record Identifier
- 9984627241902771
Metrics
6 Record Views