Journal article
Vitamin A and retinol intakes and the risk of fractures among participants of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
The American journal of clinical nutrition, Vol.89(1), pp.323-330
01/2009
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26451
PMCID: PMC2715292
PMID: 19056568
Abstract
Excessive intakes of vitamin A have been shown to have adverse skeletal effects in animals. High vitamin A intake may lead to an increased risk of fracture in humans.
The objective was to evaluate the relation between total vitamin A and retinol intakes and the risk of incident total and hip fracture in postmenopausal women.
A total of 75,747 women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study participated. The risk of hip and total fractures was determined using Cox proportional hazards models according to different intakes of vitamin A and retinol.
In the analysis adjusted for some covariates (age; protein, vitamin D, vitamin K, calcium, caffeine, and alcohol intakes; body mass index; hormone therapy use; smoking; metabolic equivalents hours per week; ethnicity; and region of clinical center), the association between vitamin A intake and the risk of fracture was not statistically significant. Analyses for retinol showed similar trends. When the interaction term was analyzed as categorical, the highest intake of retinol with vitamin D was significant (P = 0.033). Women with lower vitamin D intake (< or =11 microg/d) in the highest quintile of intake of both vitamin A (hazard ratio: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.37; P for trend: 0.022) and retinol (hazard ratio: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.29; P for trend: 0.056) had a modest increased risk of total fracture.
No association between vitamin A or retinol intake and the risk of hip or total fractures was observed in postmenopausal women. Only a modest increase in total fracture risk with high vitamin A and retinol intakes was observed in the low vitamin D-intake group.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Vitamin A and retinol intakes and the risk of fractures among participants of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
- Creators
- Graciela Caire-Juvera - Nutrition Department, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. gcaire@ciad.mxCheryl RitenbaughJean Wactawski-WendeLinda G SnetselaarZhao Chen
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The American journal of clinical nutrition, Vol.89(1), pp.323-330
- Publisher
- United States
- DOI
- 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26451
- PMID
- 19056568
- PMCID
- PMC2715292
- ISSN
- 0002-9165
- eISSN
- 1938-3207
- Grant note
- N01 WH 22110 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32115 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32122 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 42129-32 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32108-9 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32100-2 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32118 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 42107-26 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32111-13 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32105-6 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 24152 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 32119 / WHI NIH HHS N01 WH 44221 / WHI NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/2009
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9983995142302771
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