Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight/Obese Adults

Gary L Pierce; Stacy D Beske; Brooke R Lawson; Kara L Southall; Francoise J Benay; Anthony J Donato; Douglas R Seals

doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111427

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Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight/Obese Adults

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Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight/Obese Adults

Gary L Pierce, Stacy D Beske, Brooke R Lawson, Kara L Southall, Francoise J Benay, Anthony J Donato and Douglas R Seals

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), Vol.52(1), pp.72-79

07/2008

DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111427

PMCID: PMC2913284

PMID: 18504322

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Abstract

Obesity is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction, as indicated by impaired endothelium-dependent dilation. Presently there is no direct evidence that energy intake-restricted weight loss alone improves conduit or resistance artery endothelium-dependent dilation, the mechanisms involved, or whether improvements differ with patient age. A total of 40 overweight or obese (body mass index: >or=25<40 kg/m(2)) nondiabetic men and women aged 21 to 69 years completed 12 weeks of reduced energy intake (n=26; 15 male) or attention control (n=14; 9 male) and 4 weeks of weight maintenance (randomized trial). Energy intake restriction reduced estimated total energy intake (33%), body weight (10.5%), total and abdominal body fat, plasma leptin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and improved several metabolic risk factors. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was increased by 30% (6.0+/-0.7% versus 7.9+/-0.7%Delta; P=0.01; n=17). Peak forearm blood flow during intrabrachial artery infusion of acetylcholine was increased by 26% (16.8+/-1.4 versus 21.1+/-1.9 mL/100 mL per minute; P<0.05; n=15); this was inversely related to the reduction in the abdominal visceral:subcutaneous fat ratio (r=-0.46; P<0.05) and was abolished by inhibition of NO synthesis with N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine. Improvements in endothelium-dependent dilation were not related to age: mean increases in subjects >50 years of age were similar to or greater than those <50 years of age. Energy intake-restricted weight loss alone is an effective intervention for improving peripheral conduit and resistance artery endothelial function in young and older overweight/obese adults. The improvements in resistance artery function are mediated by an increase in NO bioavailability and are related to reductions in abdominal visceral fat.

Details

Title: Subtitle: Weight Loss Alone Improves Conduit and Resistance Artery Endothelial Function in Young and Older Overweight/Obese Adults
Creators: Gary L Pierce - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Stacy D Beske - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Brooke R Lawson - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Kara L Southall - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Francoise J Benay - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Anthony J Donato - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Douglas R Seals - From the Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979), Vol.52(1), pp.72-79
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111427
PMID: 18504322
PMCID: PMC2913284
NLM abbreviation: Hypertension
ISSN: 0194-911X
eISSN: 1524-4563
Language: English
Date published: 07/2008
Academic Unit: Health, Sport, and Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984001105502771

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