Journal article
What racial disparities exist in the prevalence of perinatal bipolar disorder in California?
Frontiers in psychiatry, Vol.16, 1550634
05/16/2025
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1550634
PMCID: PMC12288092
PMID: 40708588
Abstract
Purpose: Mental health conditions are the leading cause of preventable maternal mortality and morbidity, yet few investigations have examined perinatal bipolar disorders. This study sought to examine racial differences in the odds of having a bipolar disorder diagnosis in perinatal women across self-reported racial groups in a large sample in California, USA.
Method: This cross-sectional study uses data from 3,831,593 women who had singleton live births in California, USA from 2011 to 2019 existing in a linked dataset which included hospital discharge records and birth certificates. International Classification of Diseases codes were used to identify women with a bipolar disorder diagnosis code on the hospital discharge record. Medical charts and birth certificate data was used to extract information on clinical and demographic covariate characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of having a bipolar disorder diagnosis across different self-reported racial groups.
Results: We identified 19,262 women with bipolar disorder diagnoses. Differences in the presence of a bipolar disorder diagnosis emerged by self-reported race. In the fully adjusted model, Multiracial (selection of two races self-reported) women, compared to single-race White women had the highest odds of having a bipolar disorder diagnosis. Further examination of the all-inclusive Multiracial category revealed differences across subgroups where White/Black, White/American Indian Alaskan Native, and Black/American Indian Alaskan Native women had increased odds for bipolar disorder compared to single race White women.
Conclusions: Differences in bipolar disorder diagnoses exist across racial categories and when compared to White women, Multiracial women had the highest odds of bipolar disorder and thus represent a perinatal population of focus for future intervention studies. The increased burden of mental health problems among Multiracial women is consistent with recent research that employs disaggregated race data. More studies of Multiracial women are needed to determine how self-reported racial categories are related to increased risk for perinatal bipolar disorder.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- What racial disparities exist in the prevalence of perinatal bipolar disorder in California?
- Creators
- Mercy EigbikeRebecca J. BaerNichole NideyNancy ByattXavier R. RamirezHsiang HuangCrystal T. ClarkAvareena Schools-CropperScott P. OltmanLaura L. Jelliffe-PawlowskiKelli K. RyckmanKaren M. Tabb
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in psychiatry, Vol.16, 1550634
- DOI
- 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1550634
- PMID
- 40708588
- PMCID
- PMC12288092
- NLM abbreviation
- Front Psychiatry
- ISSN
- 1664-0640
- eISSN
- 1664-0640
- Publisher
- FRONTIERS MEDIA SA; LAUSANNE
- Grant note
- Massachusetts Department of Mental Health via the Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for MomsLifeline for Families Center at UMass Chan Medical SchoolUCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative
The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. NB has received salary and/or funding support from Massachusetts Department of Mental Health via the Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for Moms (MCPAP for Moms). She is also the Medical Director of Research and Evaluation for MCPAP for Moms and the Executive Director of the Lifeline for Families Center at UMass Chan Medical School. LJP, RB, and SO are funded, in part, by the UCSF California Preterm Birth Initiative.
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 05/16/2025
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Addiction Medicine; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984824284102771
Metrics
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