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When do female-owned businesses out-survive male-owned businesses? A disaggregated approach by industry and geography
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

When do female-owned businesses out-survive male-owned businesses? A disaggregated approach by industry and geography

Arturs Kalnins and Michele Williams
Journal of business venturing, Vol.29(6), pp.822-835
11/2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.12.001
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.12.001View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Studies have invoked several theoretical perspectives to explain differences between female-owned businesses and male-owned businesses. Yet, few have considered the possibility that differential outcomes between female-owned businesses and male-owned businesses vary from setting to setting, an insight that we derive by combining social constructionism with feminist theory. We articulate hypotheses regarding the outcome of business survival duration based on this insight. Then, using a dataset of one million Texan proprietorships, we test these hypotheses by estimating separate gender effects for many individual industries and geographic areas. We find that female-owned businesses consistently out-survive male-owned businesses in many industries and areas. •Social constructionism motivates disaggregated study of owner gender and survival.•We analyze survival of one million proprietorships owned by men and women.•Male-owned businesses do not out-survive those owned by women throughout the economy.•Female-owned businesses out-survive male-owned businesses in many industries.•Female-owned businesses out-survive male-owned businesses in large cities.
 Gender gap Female entrepreneurs Small business Business survival Women entrepreneurs

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