Journal article
Workplace-Based Cardiovascular Risk Management by Community Pharmacists: Impact on Blood Pressure, Lipid Levels, and Weight
Pharmacotherapy, Vol.26(10), pp.1511-1517
10/2006
DOI: 10.1592/phco.26.10.1511
PMID: 16999661
Abstract
Study Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a community pharmacist-delivered cardiovascular case-management program by comparing body mass index (weight), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and full lip id profile at the beginning of the program with these outcome measures at the end of the program. Design. Retrospective data analysis using billing data submitted between July 1, 2001, and October 31, 2004, with a pre-post design in which subjects served as their own controls. Setting. Manufacturing workplace in rural Iowa. Participants. Fifty-six workers with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (mean age 40.67 yrs), 37 had diabetes mellitus and 19 did not. Intervention. During visits to the workers, pharmacists provided education about cardiovascular disease, identification of drug therapy problems, and importance of routine blood pressure, pulse, and weight measurements; they communicated with participants' physicians as needed. Measurements and Main Results. The number of pharmacist visits/ participant ranged from 1-13 (mean ± SD 6.97 ± 3.05). Outcome measures were weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, full lipid profiles (in patients with diabetes), and percentage of patients achieving treatment goal by the end of the 3 years. Statistically significant differences between the first and last visits were achieved for both systolic (124.12 ± 11.07 and 120.36 ± 14.39 mm Hg, respectively, p=0.016) and diastolic (80.4 ± 9.01 and 77.43 ± 9.14 mm Hg, respectively, p=0.019) blood pressure. The 19 patients without diabetes showed a statistically significant improvement in diastolic blood pressure (p=0.039), but the 37 patients with diabetes did not show a significant difference. A nonsignificant increase was seen in the percentage of patients with diabetes achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) level goal between the first and last visits (p=0.06). Conclusion. A cardiovascular case-management program delivered in the workplace to middle-aged working adults by community pharmacists improved blood pressure and reduced LDL levels. The program was not effective, however, in weight reduction.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Workplace-Based Cardiovascular Risk Management by Community Pharmacists: Impact on Blood Pressure, Lipid Levels, and Weight
- Creators
- Elizabeth J. John - Division of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaTheresa Vavra - University of IowaKaren Farris - University of IowaJay Currie - University of IowaWilliam Doucette - University of IowaBrenna Button-Neumann - University of Missouri–Kansas CityMatt Osterhaus - Osterhaus Pharmacy, Maquoketa, IowaPatty Kumbera - Outcomes Pharmaceutical Health Care, Des Moines, IowaTom Halterman - Outcomes Pharmaceutical Health Care, Des Moines, IowaTammy Bullock - Osterhaus Pharmacy, Maquoketa, Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Pharmacotherapy, Vol.26(10), pp.1511-1517
- Publisher
- Blackwell Publishing Ltd
- DOI
- 10.1592/phco.26.10.1511
- PMID
- 16999661
- ISSN
- 0277-0008
- eISSN
- 1875-9114
- Number of pages
- 7
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/2006
- Academic Unit
- Pharmacy Practice and Science
- Record Identifier
- 9984365882402771
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