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plmmr: an R package to fit penalized linear mixed models for genome-wide association data with complex correlation structure
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

plmmr: an R package to fit penalized linear mixed models for genome-wide association data with complex correlation structure

Tabitha K Peter, Anna C Reisetter, Yujing Lu, Oscar A Rysavy and Patrick J Breheny
Briefings in bioinformatics, Vol.27(1), bbaf672
01/01/2026
DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaf672
PMID: 41619213
url
https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaf672View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Correlation among the observations in high-dimensional regression modeling can be a major source of confounding. We present a new open-source package, plmmr, to implement penalized linear mixed models in R. This R package estimates correlation among observations in high-dimensional data and uses those estimates to improve prediction with the best linear unbiased predictor. The package uses memory mapping so that genome-scale data can be analyzed on ordinary machines even if the size of data exceeds random-access memory. We present here the methods, workflow, and file-backing approach upon which plmmr is built, and we demonstrate its computational capabilities with two examples from real genome-wide association studies data.
Gene Mapping Correlation Estimates Genome-wide association studies Random access memory

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