Preprint
Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines for Preventing Covid-19 Hospitalizations in the United States
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
07/08/2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.08.21259776
PMCID: PMC8282104
PMID: 34268515
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 vaccination coverage increases in the United States (US), there is a need to understand the real-world effectiveness against severe Covid-19 and among people at increased risk for poor outcomes.
In a multicenter case-control analysis of US adults hospitalized March 11 - May 5, 2021, we evaluated vaccine effectiveness to prevent Covid-19 hospitalizations by comparing odds of prior vaccination with an mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) between cases hospitalized with Covid-19 and hospital-based controls who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Among 1210 participants, median age was 58 years, 22.8% were Black, 13.8% were Hispanic, and 20.6% had immunosuppression. SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 was most common variant (59.7% of sequenced viruses). Full vaccination (receipt of two vaccine doses ≥14 days before illness onset) had been received by 45/590 (7.6%) cases and 215/620 (34.7%) controls. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 86.9% (95% CI: 80.4 to 91.2%). Vaccine effectiveness was similar for Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, and highest in adults aged 18-49 years (97.3%; 95% CI: 78.9 to 99.7%). Among 45 patients with vaccine-breakthrough Covid hospitalizations, 44 (97.8%) were ≥50 years old and 20 (44.4%) had immunosuppression. Vaccine effectiveness was lower among patients with immunosuppression (59.2%; 95% CI: 11.9 to 81.1%) than without immunosuppression (91.3%; 95% CI: 85.5 to 94.7%).
During March-May 2021, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were highly effective for preventing Covid-19 hospitalizations among US adults. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was beneficial for patients with immunosuppression, but effectiveness was lower in the immunosuppressed population.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines for Preventing Covid-19 Hospitalizations in the United States
- Creators
- Mark W Tenforde - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionManish M Patel - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAdit A Ginde - Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, ColoradoDavid J Douin - Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, ColoradoH Keipp Talbot - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJonathan D Casey - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNicholas M Mohr - University of IowaAnne Zepeski - University of IowaManjusha Gaglani - Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TexasTresa McNeal - Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TexasShekhar Ghamande - Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, TexasNathan I Shapiro - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterKevin W Gibbs - Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North CarolinaD Clark Files - Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North CarolinaDavid N Hager - Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineArber Shehu - Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineMatthew E Prekker - Hennepin County Medical CenterHeidi L Erickson - Hennepin County Medical CenterMatthew C Exline - The Ohio State UniversityMichelle N Gong - Albert Einstein College of MedicineAmira Mohamed - Montefiore Medical CenterDaniel J Henning - University of WashingtonJay S Steingrub - Baystate Medical CenterIthan D Peltan - University of UtahSamuel M Brown - University of UtahEmily T Martin - University of MichiganArnold S Monto - University of MichiganAkram Khan - Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OregonC Terri Hough - Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OregonLaurence Busse - Emory UniversityCaitlin C. ten Lohuis - Emory HealthcareAbhijit Duggal - Cleveland ClinicJennifer G Wilson - Stanford University School of MedicineAlexandra June Gordon - Stanford University School of MedicineNida Qadir - University of California, Los AngelesSteven Y Chang - University of California, Los AngelesChristopher Mallow - University of MiamiHayley B Gershengorn - University of MiamiHilary M Babcock - Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MissouriJennie H Kwon - Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MissouriNatasha Halasa - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJames D Chappell - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterAdam S Lauring - University of MichiganCarlos G Grijalva - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterTodd W Rice - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterIan D Jones - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterWilliam B Stubblefield - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterAdrienne Baughman - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterKelsey N Womack - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterChristopher J Lindsell - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterKimberly W Hart - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterYuwei Zhu - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterSamantha M Olson - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMeagan Stephenson - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionStephanie J Schrag - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMiwako Kobayashi - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionJennifer R Verani - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionWesley H Self - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterInfluenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network
- Resource Type
- Preprint
- Publication Details
- medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
- DOI
- 10.1101/2021.07.08.21259776
- PMID
- 34268515
- PMCID
- PMC8282104
- Grant note
- UL1 TR002243 / NCATS NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date posted
- 07/08/2021
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Emergency Medicine; Anesthesia; Injury Prevention Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984295917302771
Metrics
15 Record Views