Measurement of the mean number of muons with energies above 500 GeV in air showers detected with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

R. Abbasi; M. Ackermann; J. Adams; S. K. Agarwalla; J. A. Aguilar; M. Ahlers; J M Alameddine; N. M. Amin; M Hostert; IceCube Collaboration

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2506.19241

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Measurement of the mean number of muons with energies above 500 GeV in air showers detected with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

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Measurement of the mean number of muons with energies above 500 GeV in air showers detected with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, S. K. Agarwalla, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, J M Alameddine, N. M. Amin, M Hostert and IceCube Collaboration

ArXiv.org

Cornell University

06/24/2025

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2506.19241

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Preprint (Author's original) This preprint has not been evaluated by subject experts through peer review. Preprints may undergo extensive changes and/or become peer-reviewed journal articles. Open Access

Abstract

We present a measurement of the mean number of muons with energies larger than 500 GeV in near-vertical extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with primary energies between 2.5 PeV and 100 PeV. The measurement is based on events detected in coincidence between the surface and in-ice detectors of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Air showers are recorded on the surface by IceTop, while a bundle of high-energy muons ("TeV muons") from the shower can subsequently produce a track-like event in the IceCube in-ice array. Results are obtained assuming the hadronic interaction models Sibyll 2.1, QGSJet-II.04, and EPOS-LHC. The measured number of TeV muons is found to be in agreement with predictions from air-shower simulations. The results have also been compared to a measurement of low-energy muons by IceTop, indicating an inconsistency between the predictions for low- and high-energy muons in simulations based on the EPOS-LHC model.

Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Physics - High Energy Physics - Experiment

Details

Title: Subtitle: Measurement of the mean number of muons with energies above 500 GeV in air showers detected with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
Creators: R. Abbasi - Loyola University Chicago
M. Ackermann - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
J. Adams - University of Canterbury
S. K. Agarwalla - University of Wisconsin–Madison
J. A. Aguilar - Université Libre de Bruxelles
M. Ahlers - University of Copenhagen
J M Alameddine - TU Dortmund University
N. M. Amin - University of Delaware
M Hostert (Contributor)
IceCube Collaboration
Resource Type: Preprint
Publication Details: ArXiv.org
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2506.19241
ISSN: 2331-8422
Publisher: Cornell University; Ithaca, New York
Language: English
Date posted: 06/24/2025
Academic Unit: Physics and Astronomy
Record Identifier: 9984946618902771

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