Preprint
The Impact of Retraining on Medium-Term (4 Month) Skill Retention Among PGY-1 and -2 Residents in a Cardiac Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum: A Pilot Study
Research Square
07/07/2026
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9955451/v1
Abstract
Background: Medium- and long-term skill decay following a single cardiac point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) training session remains an educational challenge. Spaced practice may address this issue. This pilot study investigated whether retraining 2 months after initial training improves medium-term skill retention among residents and which pre-training competency level benefits most from the retraining curriculum.
Methods: We enrolled postgraduate year (PGY) -1 and -2 residents at a teaching hospital in a prospective, single-group, pre-post educational intervention study with blinded outcome assessment. Participants completed an initial cardiac POCUS curriculum consisting of 2-hour hands-on training and 10-minute supervised retraining 2 months later. Image acquisition skills of 5 cardiac views were assessed at pre-training, immediately post-training, 2-month post-training, and 4-month post-training using a validated 10-point scoring system rated by three blinded assessors. Participants’ competency levels were classified according to the skill test scores as follows: beginner (<5); intermediate (5 to <8); and advanced (≥8) for post-hoc subgroup analyses. Participants used a hand-held ultrasound (Butterfly iQ).
Results: All 26 eligible PGYs participated in the study. Mean skill test scores were 6.03 (intermediate level) at pre-training, 8.69 (advanced level) at immediate post-training, 7.78 (intermediate level) at 2-month post-training, and 8.05 (advanced level) at 4-month post-training. The mean score differences were +2.67 points (95% CI, 1.87 to 3.47) from pre-training to immediate post-training, −0.93 points (95% CI, −1.63 to −0.24) from immediate post-training to 2-month post-training, and +0.20 points (95% CI, −0.59 to 0.99) from 2- to 4-month post-training. The intermediate pre-training competency level subgroup did not achieve an advanced level at 4 months, whereas the beginner subgroup did not. The advanced subgroup maintained an advanced level across all three post-training assessments.
Conclusions: The spaced practice with retraining may mitigate skill decline and enhance medium-term skill retention. Participants with intermediate pre-training competency level may benefit the most from this curriculum, whereas those with beginner pre-training competency level may need additional retraining.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- The Impact of Retraining on Medium-Term (4 Month) Skill Retention Among PGY-1 and -2 Residents in a Cardiac Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum: A Pilot Study
- Creators
- Satoshi Jujo (Corresponding Author) - University of Iowa, AnesthesiaDaisuke Sugiyama - University of Iowa, AnesthesiaAkihisa Kataoka - Teikyo UniversityMasaki Izumo - St. Marianna University School of MedicineKenya Kusunose - University of the RyukyusJannet J. Lee-Jayaram - University of Hawaiʻi at MānoaBenjamin W. Berg - University of Hawaiʻi at MānoaYuki Kataoka - Nagoya University HospitalKenichi Ueda - Kameda Medical Center
- Resource Type
- Preprint
- DOI
- 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9955451/v1
- Publisher
- Research Square
- Number of pages
- 19 pages
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2026 the authors
- Language
- English
- Date posted
- 07/07/2026
- Academic Unit
- Anesthesia
- Record Identifier
- 9985179372102771
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