Journal article
Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST): Development and Validation of a Prognostic Model in Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using the Simplified Skeletal Maturity System
Spine deformity, Vol.7(6), pp.890-898
2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.jspd.2019.01.011
PMCID: PMC6939758
PMID: 31731999
Abstract
Study Design
Prognostic study and validation using prospective clinical trial data.
Objective
To derive and validate a model predicting curve progression to ≥45° before skeletal maturity in untreated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Summary of Background Data
Studies have linked the natural history of AIS with characteristics such as sex, skeletal maturity, curve magnitude, and pattern. The Simplified Skeletal Maturity Scoring System may be of particular prognostic utility for the study of curve progression. The reliability of the system has been addressed; however, its value as a prognostic marker for the outcomes of AIS has not. The BrAIST trial followed a sample of untreated AIS patients from enrollment to skeletal maturity, providing a rare source of prospective data for prognostic modeling.
Methods
The development sample included 115 untreated BrAIST participants. Logistic regression was used to predict curve progression to ≥45° (or surgery) before skeletal maturity. Predictors included the Cobb angle, age, sex, curve type, triradiate cartilage, and skeletal maturity stage (SMS). Internal and external validity was evaluated using jackknifed samples of the BrAIST data set and an independent cohort (n = 152). Indices of discrimination and calibration were estimated. A risk classification was created and the accuracy evaluated via the positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV).
Results
The final model included the SMS, Cobb angle, and curve type. The model demonstrated strong discrimination (c-statistics 0.89–0.91) and calibration in all data sets. The classification system resulted in PPVs of 0.71–0.72 and NPVs of 0.85–0.93.
Conclusions
This study provides the first rigorously validated model predicting a short-term outcome of untreated AIS. The resultant estimates can serve two important functions: 1) setting benchmarks for comparative effectiveness studies and 2) most importantly, providing clinicians and families with individual risk estimates to guide treatment decisions.
Level of Evidence
Level 1, prognostic.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Trial (BrAIST): Development and Validation of a Prognostic Model in Untreated Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using the Simplified Skeletal Maturity System
- Creators
- Lori A. Dolan - University of IowaStuart L. Weinstein - University of IowaMark F. Abel - University of Virginia Children's HospitalPatrick P. Bosch - Children's Hospital of PittsburghMatthew B. Dobbs - Washington University in St. LouisTyler O. Farber - University of IowaMatthew F. Halsey - Oregon Health & Science UniversityM. Timothy Hresko - Boston Children's HospitalWalter F. Krengel - Seattle Children'sCharles T. Mehlman - Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterJames O. Sanders - University of North Carolina at Chapel HillRichard M. Schwend - Children's Mercy HospitalSuken A. Shah - Alfred I. duPont Hospital for ChildrenKushagra Verma - Los Alamitos Medical Center
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Spine deformity, Vol.7(6), pp.890-898
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jspd.2019.01.011
- PMID
- 31731999
- PMCID
- PMC6939758
- NLM abbreviation
- Spine Deform
- ISSN
- 2212-134X
- eISSN
- 2212-1358
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Grant note
- name: NIH/NIAMS; DOI: 10.13039/501100000024, name: Canadian Institutes of Health Research; name: Shriner's Hospitals for Children; name: Children's Miracle Network; name: Joan and Phill Berger Charitable Fund; name: Estate of Herb and Nancy Townsend; name: Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America [POSNA; name: Boston Orthotics and Prosthetic; DOI: 10.13039/100007064, name: NuVasive; name: NIH/NIAMS; DOI: 10.13039/100008893, name: University of Iowa; DOI: 10.13039/100008893, name: University of Iowa; name: SRS; DOI: 10.13039/100010975, name: POSNA; name: SRS; DOI: 10.13039/100010975, name: POSNA; DOI: 10.13039/100010975, name: POSNA; name: SRS; DOI: 10.13039/100006483, name: Abbvie; DOI: 10.13039/100004313, name: GE; DOI: 10.13039/100010975, name: POSNA; name: SAS; DOI: 10.13039/100008127, name: DePuy Synthes Spine; DOI: 10.13039/100000069, name: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health; DOI: 10.13039/501100000024, name: Canadian Institutes of Health Research; DOI: 10.13039/100011781, name: Shriners Hospitals for Children; DOI: 10.13039/100008091, name: University of Rochester
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2019
- Academic Unit
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Orthopedics and Rehabilitation
- Record Identifier
- 9984303986202771
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